Microbiological Analysis of Sachet and Tap Water in Enugu State of Nigeria

Ohanu, Martin E.; Udoh, Iniekong Philip; Eleazar, Clara Idara

doi:10.4236/aim.2012.24070

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Pipe-borne water sources displayed the lowest total coliform count, with values ranging from 7 to 75 MPN/100 mL. This finding diverged from the reports by Ohanu et al (2012) who recorded coliform counts in tap water ranging from 188 to 1000 coliform aerobic isolates. Notably, the range of total coliform count for pipe-borne water did not align with the parameters outlined by the WHO (2008).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Bacteriological assessment of pipe-borne, borehole, and well water sources available to students in Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Elijah

2023

SJES

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The provision of clean water, microorganisms-free water is crucial in preventing the transmission of waterborne diseases. This study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the bacteriological quality of water sources accessible to students within Nasarawa State University Keffi. Sixteen samples, comprising ten from piped source, three from boreholes, and three from wells, were subjected to bacteriological quality assessment. The total bacterial count was analyzed using the pour plate technique, while the total coliform count and bacteriological index were assessed through the most probable number technique. Among the various water sources examine, pipe-borne water exhibited the lower bacterial contamination with a mean of 0.6×106 CFU/100 mL in contrast to borehole and well water sources, which recorded mean of 1.6×106 and 3.2×106 CFU/100 mL, respectively. Additionally, pipe-borne water demonstrated the lowest mean total coliform count, registering 22 MPN/100 mL. Notably, Notably, the water samples were found to harbor bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter aerogens, and Citrobacter sp. Alarming findings from this study highlight the unsuitability of most water samples for human consumption, as they fail to meet the quality standards established by the World Health Organization. Consequently, it is necessary to implement measures aimed at safeguarding water sources from contamination and curbing the proliferation of diseases. Furthermore, it is pertinent to prioritize adequate treatment of domestic water sources prior to consumption to ensure public health and well-being.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Bacteriological assessment of pipe-borne, borehole, and well water sources available to students in Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Elijah

2023

SJES

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“…There is evidence that the quality of PW decreases along the supply chain [ 67 , 75 , 92 , 140 ], although few studies examined this in detail. Of the included studies, 10 examined the microbial quality of products along the supply chain and collected samples from manufacturers and POS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Fecal Contamination and Inadequate Treatment of Packaged Water

Williams¹,

Bain

Fisher³

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundPackaged water products provide an increasingly important source of water for consumption. However, recent studies raise concerns over their safety.ObjectivesTo assess the microbial safety of packaged water, examine differences between regions, country incomes, packaged water types, and compare packaged water with other water sources.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. Articles published in English, French, Portuguese, Spanish and Turkish, with no date restrictions were identified from online databases and two previous reviews. Studies published before April 2014 that assessed packaged water for the presence of Escherichia coli, thermotolerant or total coliforms were included provided they tested at least ten samples or brands.ResultsA total of 170 studies were included in the review. The majority of studies did not detect fecal indicator bacteria in packaged water (78/141). Compared to packaged water from upper-middle and high-income countries, packaged water from low and lower-middle-income countries was 4.6 (95% CI: 2.6–8.1) and 13.6 (95% CI: 6.9–26.7) times more likely to contain fecal indicator bacteria and total coliforms, respectively. Compared to all other packaged water types, water from small bottles was less likely to be contaminated with fecal indicator bacteria (OR = 0.32, 95%CI: 0.17–0.58) and total coliforms (OR = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.22). Packaged water was less likely to contain fecal indicator bacteria (OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.20, 0.62) compared to other water sources used for consumption.ConclusionsPolicymakers and regulators should recognize the potential benefits of packaged water in providing safer water for consumption at and away from home, especially for those who are otherwise unlikely to gain access to a reliable, safe water supply in the near future. To improve the quality of packaged water products they should be integrated into regulatory and monitoring frameworks.

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“…Banik et al (2011) published that the range of total Coliform count in raw milk samples collected from different areas of Dhaka city was from 8×10 6 cfu/ml to 1.0×10 4 cfu/ml. Another study was conducted by Ohanu et al (2012) and he expressed an evidence of Coliform contamination in all the samples of sachet and tap water.…”

Section: Total Coliform Count (Tcc) In Milk and Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological quality assessment of raw milk and water samples from Noakhali district, Bangladesh

Talukder

Saha

Shoeb

et al. 2019

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res

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This study was carried out to evaluate the microbial quality of raw milk and water samples taken at four different local shops in Maijdee area (Noakhali District), Bangladesh. Milk is a valuable food-stuff consumed on daily basis and is highly prone to bacterial contamination. Contamination with pathogenic microorganisms is most alarming for potable water and hence it is needed to detect the bacterial contamination in local drinking water. Microbiological quality of milk samples was analyzed using Total Viable Bacterial Count (TVBC), Total Coliform Count (TCC) and Yeast-mold Count techniques. Critical hygienic indicator for food and foodstuffs is total microbial load. Compare to four stores, store 3 shows the high contamination value in milk samples (TVC 12.48×105 cfu/ml, TCC 6.4×105 cfu/ml, yeast- mold count 3.48×102 cfu/ml and 4.85×102 cfu/ml) whereas store 1 is liable to water samples (TVC 12.09×105 cfu/ml, TCC 4.81×105 cfu/ml, yeast- mold count 2.7×102 cfu/ml and 2.24×102 cfu/ml). These outcomes accentuate applying and sustaining proper hygiene practice throughout the manufacturing and distribution to prevent health risks of the rural people. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2019, 5(1): 31-36

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Microbiological Analysis of Sachet and Tap Water in Enugu State of Nigeria

Abstract: The microbiological quality of sachet and tap water in Enugu, State, Nigeria was analyzed. Sachet water was purchased from five different manufacturers.

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Bacteriological assessment of pipe-borne, borehole, and well water sources available to students in Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Bacteriological assessment of pipe-borne, borehole, and well water sources available to students in Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Fecal Contamination and Inadequate Treatment of Packaged Water

Microbiological quality assessment of raw milk and water samples from Noakhali district, Bangladesh

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