Microbiological survey for Mycoplasma spp. in a contagious agalactia endemic area

Fe, Christian de la; Assunção, P.; Antunes, Tamires Ramborger; Rosales, Rubén S.; Poveda, José B.

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2004.05.002

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Staining of the mycoplasma colonies is performed with Giemsa stain from solid agar media to observe the colony characteristics [21, 22]. The absence of cell wall in the mycoplasma leads to pink color staining with Gram staining [21, 25]. …”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma agalactiae, an Etiological Agent of Contagious Agalactia in Small Ruminants: A Review

Kumar

Rahal

Chakraborty³

et al. 2014

Veterinary Medicine International

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Mycoplasma agalactiae is one of the causal agents of classical contagious agalactia (CA), a serious, economically important but neglected enzootic disease of small ruminants. It occurs in many parts of the world and most notably in the Mediterranean Basin. Following the infection common complications are septicaemia, mastitis, arthritis, pleurisy, pneumonia, and keratoconjunctivitis. Primary or tentative diagnosis of the organism is based upon clinical signs. Various serological tests, namely, growth precipitation, immunofluorescence, complement fixation test, haemagglutination inhibition, agglutination, immunodiffusion, enzyme immunoassays, immunoelectrophoresis, blotting techniques, and others, are available. Molecular tools seem to be much more sensitive, specific, and faster and help to differentiate various strains. The real-time PCR, multiplex PCR, quantitative PCR, PCR-RFLP, MLST, and gene probes, complementary to segments of chromosomal DNA or 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), have strengthened the diagnosis of M. agalactiae. Both live attenuated and adjuvant (alum precipitated or saponified) inactivated vaccines are available with greater use of inactivated ones due to lack of side effects. The present review discusses the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical signs of contagious agalactia in small ruminants along with trends and advances in its diagnosis, treatment, vaccination, prevention, and control strategies that will help in countering this disease.

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Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma agalactiae, an Etiological Agent of Contagious Agalactia in Small Ruminants: A Review

Kumar

Rahal

Chakraborty³

et al. 2014

Veterinary Medicine International

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“…CA is a syndrome clinically characterized by mastitis, arthritis, keratoconjunctivitis and occasionally abortion [2,3] and Mycoplasma agalactiae is considered its major etiological agent. M .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of Mycoplasma agalactiaein dairy sheep farms in Spain

2012

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BackgroundContagious Agalactia (CA) is one of the major animal health problems in small ruminants because of its economic significance. Currently, four Mycoplasma spp. have been associated with this syndrome: M. agalactiae, M. mycoides subsp. capri, M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and M. putrefaciens. Their presence has been evaluated in several studies conducted in CA-endemic countries. However, previous Spanish studies have been focused on caprine CA, and there is a knowledge gap regarding which Mycoplasma species are present in sheep flocks from Spain, which has the second highest number of sheep amongst the 27 European Union member states. Consequently, we investigated the presence and geographic distribution of the four CA-causing mycoplasmas in Spanish dairy sheep farms. This is the first time such an investigation has been performed.ResultsThree hundred thirty nine out of 922 sheep flocks were positive for M. agalactiae by real time PCR (36.8%) and 85 by microbiological identification (9.2%). Interestingly, all 597 milk samples assessed for the presence of M. mycoides subsp. capri, M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and M. putrefaciens tested negative. To evaluate the intermittent excretion of the pathogen in milk, we sampled 391 additional farms from 2 to 5 times, resulting that in 26.3% of the cases a previously positive farm tested negative in a later sampling.ConclusionsM. agalactiae was the only Mycoplasma species detected in the study area showing a high frequency of presence and wide distribution. Therefore, the establishment of a permanent surveillance network is advantageous, as well as the implementation of control and prevention measures to hinder the dissemination of M. agalactiae and to prevent the entrance of other Mycoplasma species.

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“…All the sheep and goats which selected have been previously examined to confirm that they have clinical signs of CA. Following clinical examination, samples were taken, placed in transport medium, immediately refrigerated (4°C) and transported to the laboratory.The samples were twirled and left in 2 ml of PH culture medium (De la Fe et al, 2005) for 30 minutes at room temperature. After discarding the samples, aliquots of the remaining fluid were taken for PCR and the rest was stored at-80°C.…”

Section: Materialand Methods Samples Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of <i>Mycoplasma Agalactiae</i> in Small Ruminants with Contagious Agalactiae Syndrome in Iran

Khezri

Pourbakhsh

Ashtari³

et al. 2014

Bangl. J. Vet. Med.

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Contagious agalactia (CA) is one of the major animal health problems in small ruminants. It has economic effect and is caused by Mycoplasma agalactiae, the 'classic' etiological agent in sheep and goats. The significance of the different Mycoplasma spp causing CA varies depending on the geographic area. This study conducted between 2012 and 2013 on 189 small ruminants with CA signs in the west of Iran, an area where CA is endemic. All samples (milk, synovial fluid, ear swabs, conjunctival swabs and nasal swabs) were examined by PCR method. Mycoplasma spp was detected in 76.2% and M. agalactiae isolated from 16% of positive samples. M. agalactiae were isolated from 7 conjunctival swabs, 15 milk samples and one synovial fluid sample. Results showed that M. agalactiae was found to be the non-main cause of CA in small ruminants in Iran.

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Microbiological survey for Mycoplasma spp. in a contagious agalactia endemic area

Cited by 39 publications

References 7 publications

Mycoplasma agalactiae, an Etiological Agent of Contagious Agalactia in Small Ruminants: A Review

Mycoplasma agalactiae, an Etiological Agent of Contagious Agalactia in Small Ruminants: A Review

A survey of Mycoplasma agalactiaein dairy sheep farms in Spain

A Survey of <i>Mycoplasma Agalactiae</i> in Small Ruminants with Contagious Agalactiae Syndrome in Iran

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