Microbiome and host crosstalk: A new paradigm to cancer therapy

Singh, Ashutosh; Nayak, Namyashree; Rathi, Preeti; Verma, Deepanshu; Sharma, Rohit; Chaudhary, Ashun; Agarwal, Alka; Tripathi, Yamini B.; Garg, Neha

doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.014

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Gut microbiota is a complex microbial ecosystem of the human body. Differences in the composition and structure of the gut microbiota are associated with the onset and development of multiple diseases ( Qin et al, 2012 ; Bajaj, 2019 ; Singh et al, 2020 ). Accumulating studies have emphasized the essential roles of the gut–kidney axis and the bidirectional relationship between the host and the gut flora in humans and animals ( Zhang et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Fecal Microbiome and Serum Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Abnormal Changes in Rats with Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy and the Intervention Effect of Zhen Wu Tang

Cao

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), an autoimmune renal disease with complicated pathogenesis, is one of the principal reasons for end-stage renal disease in the clinic. Evidence has linked apparent alterations in the components of the microbiome and metabolome to renal disease in rats. However, thus far, there is insufficient evidence that supports the potential relationship between gut microbiome, circulating metabolites, and IgAN. This study was designed to probe the effects of IgAN on intestinal microecology and metabolic phenotypes and to understand the possible underlying mechanisms. Fecal and serum samples were collected from IgAN rats. Composition of the gut microbiota and biochemical changes in the metabolites was analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. The IgAN rats exhibited renal insufficiency and increased concentration of 24-h urine protein, in addition to deposition of IgA and IgG immune complexes in the kidney tissues. There was a disturbance in the balance of gut microbiota in IgAN rats, which was remarkably associated with renal damage. Marked changes in microbial structure and function were accompanied by apparent alterations in 1,403 serum metabolites, associated with the disorder of energy, carbohydrate, and nucleotide metabolisms. Administration of Zhen Wu Tang ameliorated microbial dysbiosis and attenuated the renal damage. Besides, treatment with Zhen Wu Tang modulated the metabolic phenotype perturbation in case of gut microbiota dysbiosis in IgAN rats. In conclusion, these findings provided a comprehensive understanding of the potential relationship between the intestinal microbiota and metabolic phenotypes in rats with IgAN. Elucidation of the intestinal microbiota composition and metabolic signature alterations could identify predictive biomarkers for disease diagnosis and progression, which might contribute to providing therapeutic strategies for IgAN.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Fecal Microbiome and Serum Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Abnormal Changes in Rats with Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy and the Intervention Effect of Zhen Wu Tang

Cao

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Bacteroides fragilis enhances anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein (CTLA) 4 efficacy by activating Th1 cells and induces cross-reactivity to tumor neoantigens and bacterial antigens 60 , 63 . An in vivo mouse model established to study the anti-tumor effects showed that TLR4 agonists and CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) suppressed tumor cell growth by overpowering immune regulators, tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells, and cytokine IL-10 leverls 64 . Mice exposed to TLR4 ligand and lipopolysaccharide had a higher effectiveness in enhancing the anti-cancer response of immune cells than microbial-deficient and TLR4-deficient mice 64 .…”

Section: Gut Microbiome and Drug Metabolism In Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor-related Microbiome in the Breast Microenvironment and Breast Cancer

Wang¹,

Sun²,

Xu³

2021

J. Cancer

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Despite the significant progress in diagnosis and treatment over the past years in the understanding of breast cancer pathophysiology, it remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide among females. Novel technologies are needed to improve better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and to better understand the role of tumor-environment microbiome players involved in the progression of this disease. The gut environment is enriched with over 100 trillion microorganisms, which participate in metabolic diseases, obesity, and inflammation, and influence the response to therapy. In addition to the direct metabolic effects of the gut microbiome, accumulating evidence has revealed that a microbiome also exists in the breast and in breast cancer tissue. This microbiome enriched in the breast environment and the tumor microenvironment may modulate effects potentially associated with carcinogenesis and therapeutic interventions in breast tissue, which to date have not been properly acknowledged. Herein, we review the most recent works associated with the population dynamics of breast microbes and explore the significance of the microbiome on diagnosis, tumor development, response to chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapy. To overcome the low reproducibility of evaluations of tumor-related microbiome, sequencing technical escalation and machine deep learning algorithms may be valid for standardization of assessment for breast-related microbiome and their applications as powerful biomarkers for prognosis and predictive response in the future.

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“…Several studies strongly indicate a link between commensal bacteria and cancer therapeutic efficacy by modulating responses to cancer immunotherapy [109]. The gut microbiota is the one most frequently implicated in cancer therapy response across a wide variety of treatments, such as chemotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade, and stem cell transplant, through several potential mechanisms that require deeper understanding.…”

Section: Microbiome Potential Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several other studies have subsequently demonstrated that differential gut microbiota environments were associated with patients who responded fa-Pathobiology 2021;88:141-155 DOI: 10.1159/000511422 vourably to treatments with an enhanced systemic immunity response [111]. Preclinical and clinical studies suggested that the gut microbiome affects antitumor immunity via numerous mechanisms such as the induction of cytokine production, enhancing the therapeutic response [109]. The gut microbiota has also been shown to influence responses to a range of chemotherapies, with both beneficial and microbiome-dependent effects [109].…”

Section: Microbiome Potential Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preclinical and clinical studies suggested that the gut microbiome affects antitumor immunity via numerous mechanisms such as the induction of cytokine production, enhancing the therapeutic response [109]. The gut microbiota has also been shown to influence responses to a range of chemotherapies, with both beneficial and microbiome-dependent effects [109].…”

Section: Upper Digestive Tract Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Upper Digestive Tract Microbiome and Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Implications in Africa

et al. 2020

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The study of the microbiome has significantly contributed to our understanding of complex diseases including cancer, with a profound influence of the microbiota on clinical prognosis and the efficacy of cancer treatments. Oesophageal cancer is positioned amongst the most aggressive malignant diseases, resulting from a complex interaction between anthropometric, genetic, immune response, and environmental factors. Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oesophageal cancer and is a serious burden in Eastern Africa, in the area known as the African oesophageal cancer corridor (AOCC). OSCC is often diagnosed at a late stage, with patients already suffering from severe malnutrition and dehydration due to swallowing difficulties, leading to high mortality rates. So far, aetiological factors have been individually analysed with an inappropriate contextualisation. The upper digestive tract microbiome has been proposed to contribute to the onset and progression of OSCC but with limited understanding of the mechanisms behind this interaction. Data on African populations are limited, and the aetiology of AOCC is still poorly understood. This review discusses the current knowledge of the aetiology of OSCC in Africa, with special focus on the probable influence of the upper digestive tract microbiota.

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Microbiome and host crosstalk: A new paradigm to cancer therapy

Cited by 23 publications

References 134 publications

Integrated Fecal Microbiome and Serum Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Abnormal Changes in Rats with Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy and the Intervention Effect of Zhen Wu Tang

Integrated Fecal Microbiome and Serum Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Abnormal Changes in Rats with Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy and the Intervention Effect of Zhen Wu Tang

Tumor-related Microbiome in the Breast Microenvironment and Breast Cancer

The Upper Digestive Tract Microbiome and Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Implications in Africa

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