Microbiota in cancer development and treatment

Raza, Muhammad Hassan; Gul, Kamni; Arshad, Abida; Riaz, Naveeda; Waheed, Usman; Rauf, Abdul; Aldakheel, Fahad M.; Alduraywish, Shatha A.; Rehman, Maqbool Ur; Abdullah, Muhammad; Arshad, Muhammad

doi:10.1007/s00432-018-2816-0

Cited by 80 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…In recent years, a large amount of scientific literature has been published that shows a close relation between GM composition and functionality and numerous non-transmissible diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases [25], obesity [8], diabetes [26], cancer [27], gastrointestinal diseases [28] and neurological disorders [29]. Although nowadays it is not entirely known if changes in GM composition are a cause or consequence of a given disease, a positive association between the richness and diversity of the GM and human health has been demonstrated [23].…”

Section: Influence Of the Gut Microbiota On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal-Origin Prebiotics Based on Chitin: An Alternative for the Future? A Critical Review

López-Santamarina

Mondragón

Lamas

et al. 2020

Foods

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The human gut microbiota has been revealed in recent years as a factor that plays a decisive role in the maintenance of human health, as well as in the development of many non-communicable diseases. This microbiota can be modulated by various dietary factors, among which complex carbohydrates have a great influence. Although most complex carbohydrates included in the human diet come from vegetables, there are also options to include complex carbohydrates from non-vegetable sources, such as chitin and its derivatives. Chitin, and its derivatives such as chitosan can be obtained from non-vegetable sources, the best being insects, crustacean exoskeletons and fungi. The present review offers a broad perspective of the current knowledge surrounding the impacts of chitin and its derived polysaccharides on the human gut microbiota and the profound need for more in-depth investigations into this topic. Overall, the effects of whole insects or meal on the gut microbiota have contradictory results, possibly due to their high protein content. Better results are obtained for the case of chitin derivatives, regarding both metabolic effects and effects on the gut microbiota composition.

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Section: Influence Of the Gut Microbiota On Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal-Origin Prebiotics Based on Chitin: An Alternative for the Future? A Critical Review

López-Santamarina

Mondragón

Lamas

et al. 2020

Foods

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“…Several bacterial species are involved in carcinogenesis. Elevated levels of DNA of Fusobacterium nucleatum have been detected in tumor cells of colorectal adenoma and cancer [8,9]. In contrast, probiotic bacterium species, including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genera, may exert a protective impact against cancer [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, in colonic epithelial cells, the Bacteroides fragilis toxin, through the over production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, causes indirectly DNA damage, leading to cell death or cancer-enabling mutations (Fig. 1) [9,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From microbiota toward gastro-enteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: Are we on the highway to hell?

Mantovani

Dicitore

Barrea

et al. 2020

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

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Gut microbiota is represented by different microorganisms that colonize the intestinal tract, mostly the large intestine, such as bacteria, fungi, archaea and viruses. The gut microbial balance has a key role in several functions. It modulates the host’s metabolism, maintains the gut barrier integrity, participates in the xenobiotics and drug metabolism, and acts as protection against gastro-intestinal pathogens through the host’s immune system modulation. The impaired gut microbiota, called dysbiosis, may be the result of an imbalance in this equilibrium and is linked with different diseases, including cancer. While most of the studies have focused on the association between microbiota and gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas, very little is known about gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). In this review, we provide an overview concerning the complex interplay between gut microbiota and GEP NENs, focusing on the potential role in tumorigenesis and progression in these tumors.

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“…Cancer is the product of the accumulation of genetic mutations and epigenetic modifications in pathways involved in cell growth and death. The activation of genes that stimulate proliferation and survival, and the simultaneous inactivation of death-promoting genes, culminate in tumour formation and expansion [1,2]. Such modifications are the result of a combination of random mutations and environmental factors, such as diet, lifestyle, radiation, toxic substances and infectious agents [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The activation of genes that stimulate proliferation and survival, and the simultaneous inactivation of death-promoting genes, culminate in tumour formation and expansion [1,2]. Such modifications are the result of a combination of random mutations and environmental factors, such as diet, lifestyle, radiation, toxic substances and infectious agents [1]. The detection and destruction of malignant cells by the immune system should, in theory, be possible, at least in immune-competent individuals [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Anti-Tumour Immune Responses by Probiotic Bacteria

Aindelis

Chlichlia

2020

Vaccines

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There is a growing amount of evidence to support the beneficial role of a balanced intestinal microbiota, or distinct members thereof, in the manifestation and progression of malignant tumours, not only in the gastrointestinal tract but also in distant tissues as well. Intriguingly, bacterial species have been demonstrated to be indispensable modulatory agents of widely-used immunotherapeutic or chemotherapeutic regiments. However, the exact contribution of commensal bacteria to immunity, as well as to neoplasia formation and response to treatment, has not been fully elucidated, and most of the current knowledge acquired from animal models has yet to be translated to human subjects. Here, recent advances in understanding the interaction of gut microbes with the immune system and the modulation of protective immune responses to cancer, either naturally or in the context of widely-used treatments, are reviewed, along with the implications of these observations for future therapeutic approaches. In this regard, bacterial species capable of facilitating optimal immune responses against cancer have been surveyed. According to the findings summarized here, we suggest that strategies incorporating probiotic bacteria and/or modulation of the intestinal microbiota can be used as immune adjuvants, aiming to optimize the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies and conventional anti-tumour treatments.

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Microbiota in cancer development and treatment

Cited by 80 publications

References 169 publications

Animal-Origin Prebiotics Based on Chitin: An Alternative for the Future? A Critical Review

Animal-Origin Prebiotics Based on Chitin: An Alternative for the Future? A Critical Review

From microbiota toward gastro-enteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: Are we on the highway to hell?

Modulation of Anti-Tumour Immune Responses by Probiotic Bacteria

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