Microcrystalline cellulose filled composites for wooden artwork consolidation: Application and physic-mechanical characterization

Cataldi, Annalisa; Deflorian, F.; Pegoretti, Alessandro

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2015.06.037

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Polymers have been extensively used on wooden surfaces [ 1 , 5 , 6 ], including epoxy and polyester resins [ 5 ], polyurethanes [ 7 ], cellulose derivatives [ 8 ], and a wide range of thermoplastic polymers [ 9 , 10 ]. Within these, two of the most widely used due to their good optical properties are acrylate-based polymers, such as Paraloid B72 [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], and those derived from polyvinyl butyral (PVB) [ 16 , 17 ]. Commercial PVB contains 17–22 wt.% of vinyl alcohol, 1–3 wt.% of vinyl acetate, and 75–82 wt.% of vinyl butyral units [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consolidation of Fir Wood by Poly(vinyl butyral-co-vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) Treatment: Study of Surface and Mechanical Characteristics

2020

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The ability of poly(vinyl butyral-co-vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) (PVBVA) to consolidate Fir wood was studied in terms of the surface and mechanical properties’ changes. Two variables were considered to treat the wood: (i) the concentration (5 and 10 wt.%) of PVBVA solutions and (ii) the method of application (brushing and immersion). The presence of PVBVA on the wood surfaces was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. Surface roughness measured by optical profilometry did not reveal changes in the topography of the samples, and appropriate visual appearance was confirmed. Contact angle measurements showed that a droplet of the 10%-PVBVA solution needed ~50 s to reach the same contact angle decreasing rate as that measured for the 5%-PVBVA solution, suggesting there was some kind of induction time till the spreading process was no longer controlled by the viscosity, but by the solution-wood interactions. Water contact angle (WCA) measurements proved a more hydrophobic surface of the PVBVA-treated samples, compared to untreated wood. Mechanical characterization of the samples was done macroscopically by a three-point bending test and locally by the Shore D and Martens hardness (MH). Only results from MH experiments provided comparative results, indicating that treatment with PVBVA solutions increased wood hardness locally, being enhanced with solution concentration. The best surface mechanical properties were obtained for the samples immersed in the 10%-PVBVA solution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consolidation of Fir Wood by Poly(vinyl butyral-co-vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) Treatment: Study of Surface and Mechanical Characteristics

2020

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“…Today, interest in natural resource polymers is growing due to the depletion of conventional petrochemical resources [ 7 ]. There are already known cases of successful use of biopolymers such as cellulose in advanced applications [ 8 , 9 ]. Lignin is the most available material in nature after cellulose [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Multifunctional, Eco-Friendly Lignin-Al2O3 Hybrid Fillers and Their Influence on the Properties of Composites for Abrasive Tools

et al. 2017

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The main aim of the present study was the preparation and comprehensive characterization of innovative additives to abrasive materials based on functional, pro-ecological lignin-alumina hybrid fillers. The behavior of lignin, alumina and lignin-Al2O3 hybrids in a resin matrix was explained on the basis of their surface and application properties determined by inverse gas chromatography, the degree of adhesion/cohesion between components, thermomechanical and rheological properties. On the basis of the presented results, a hypothetical mechanism of interactions between lignin and Al2O3 as well as between lignin-Al2O3 hybrids and phenolic resins was proposed. It was concluded that lignin compounds can provide new, promising properties for a phenolic binder combining the good properties of this biopolymer as a plasticizer and of alumina as a filler improving mechanical and thermal properties. The use of such materials may be relatively non-complicated and efficient way to improve the performance of bonded abrasive tools.

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“…6,7 This research group extensively studied the possibility offered by microcrystalline cellulose to improve the thermomechanical properties of a methylacrylate/ethylene methylacrylate copolymer (Paraloid B72) widely used for the preparation and conservation of cultural heritages. [8][9][10][11] Aquazol 500, a poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), is another versatile adhesive introduced in the field of conservation in the 1990s for its high transparency, good flexibility, and easy removability, being a water soluble polymer, and therefore widely used in the restoration of oil paintings. 12,13 Considering the specific mechanical performance required to an oil paintings adhesive, such as a good dimensional stability and a high resistance to long-lasting stresses, and the well-known reinforcing properties of cellulose-based fillers on polymers, [14][15][16][17] this work proposes the application of the composite technology to artwork restoration issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison between micro- and nanocellulose-filled composite adhesives for oil paintings restoration

et al. 2015

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and microcrystals (CMC) were selected as reinforcing fillers for poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), a water-soluble thermoplastic adhesive widely used in the restoration of oil paintings. Thin composite films containing 5, 10, and 30 wt% of CNC or CMC were produced by solution mixing and casting. UV-vis spectroscopy showed how CNC preserved the adhesive transparency even at the highest CNC content, while for CMC, a progressive loss of transparency was observed. Thermal analysis evidenced a progressive increase of the glass transition temperature of the polymer matrix induced by CNC, while no effects were observed for CMC. Both micro-and nanocellulose were able to improve the elastic modulus and reduce the thermal expansion coefficient and creep compliance of the adhesive, with effects more pronounced for CNC nanoparticles. Finally, single-lap shear test on bonded ancient oil painting substrates confirmed the improved dimensional stability of the joint imparted by CNC in the adhesive under both quasi-static and creep conditions.

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Microcrystalline cellulose filled composites for wooden artwork consolidation: Application and physic-mechanical characterization

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Consolidation of Fir Wood by Poly(vinyl butyral-co-vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) Treatment: Study of Surface and Mechanical Characteristics

Consolidation of Fir Wood by Poly(vinyl butyral-co-vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate) Treatment: Study of Surface and Mechanical Characteristics

Characteristics of Multifunctional, Eco-Friendly Lignin-Al2O3 Hybrid Fillers and Their Influence on the Properties of Composites for Abrasive Tools

A comparison between micro- and nanocellulose-filled composite adhesives for oil paintings restoration

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