Microenvironmental oxygen pressure orchestrates an anti- and pro-tumoral γδ T cell equilibrium via tumor-derived exosomes

Li, Ling; Cao, Bangrong; Liang, Xin‐hua; Lü, Shun; Luo, Huaichao; Wang, Zhaohui; Wang, Shaoxin; Jiang, Jian; Lang, Jinyi; Zhu, Guiquan

doi:10.1038/s41388-018-0627-z

Cited by 150 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…We have previously found that the hypoxic microenvironment may stimulate tumor cells to generate miR-21-rich exosomes that are delivered to normoxic cells to promote metastatic behaviors (Li et al, 2016). Moreover, hypoxic tumor cell-derived exosomes could deliver miR-21 to myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC), inducing immunosuppressive ability through miR-21/PTEN/ PD-L1 pathway (Li et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Composition and Functions Of Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects and challenges of extracellular vesicle-based drug delivery system: considering cell source

et al. 2020

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, are nanosized membrane vesicles derived from most cell types. Carrying diverse biomolecules from their parent cells, EVs are important mediators of intercellular communication and thus play significant roles in physiological and pathological processes. Owing to their natural biogenesis process, EVs are generated with high biocompatibility, enhanced stability, and limited immunogenicity, which provide multiple advantages as drug delivery systems (DDSs) over traditional synthetic delivery vehicles. EVs have been reported to be used for the delivery of siRNAs, miRNAs, protein, small molecule drugs, nanoparticles, and CRISPR/Cas9 in the treatment of various diseases. As a natural drug delivery vectors, EVs can penetrate into the tissues and be bioengineered to enhance the targetability. Although EVs' characteristics make them ideal for drug delivery, EV-based drug delivery remains challenging, due to lack of standardized isolation and purification methods, limited drug loading efficiency, and insufficient clinical grade production. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the application of EVs as DDS from the perspective of different cell origin and weighted the advantages and bottlenecks of EV-based DDS. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Composition and Functions Of Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects and challenges of extracellular vesicle-based drug delivery system: considering cell source

et al. 2020

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“…Immunosuppressive [125] miR-24-3p NPC Immunosuppressive [126] miR-891a NPC Immunosuppressive [126] miR-106a-5p NPC Immunosuppressive [126] miR-20a-5p NPC Immunosuppressive [126] miR-1908 NPC Immunosuppressive [126] TAMs miR-222-3p EOC Immunosuppressive [127] miR-940 EOC Immunosuppressive [128] miR-21-3p EOC Immunosuppressive [129] miR-125b-5p EOC Immunosuppressive [129] miR-181d-5p EOC Immunosuppressive [129] miR-21 Head and neck cancer Immunosuppressive [130] miR-1246 Colon cancer Immunosuppressive [131] miR-16 Breast cancer Immunostimulatory [132] MDSCs miR-107 Gastric cancer Immunosuppressive [133] miR-21 OSCC Immunosuppressive [134] miR-21 Glioma Immunosuppressive [135] miR-10a Glioma Immunosuppressive [135] miR-29a Glioma Immunosuppressive [136] miR-92a Glioma Immunosuppressive [136] miR-155 CLL Immunosuppressive [137] CAFs miR-27a Gastric cancer Immunosuppressive [138] miR-1247-3p HCC Immunosuppressive [139] miR-21 HCC Immunosuppressive [140] NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma, TAM tumor-associated macrophage, EOC epithelial ovarian cancer, MDSC myeloid-derived suppressor cell, OSCC oral squamous cell carcinoma, CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia, CAF cancer-associated fibroblast, HCC hepatocellular carcinoma M2-like phenotype and suppressing the expression of M1 phenotype-associated markers [130]. Similarly, Cooks et al observed that cancer cells harboring TP53 mutation could reprogram neighboring TAMs into pro-tumor state via secreting miR-1246-enriched exosomes [131].…”

Section: Effector T Cells Mir-690 Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cancer-derived exosomal miRNAs impair the cytotoxicity of effector cells, inducing the polarization of macrophages toward M2-like phenotype, promoting the expansion and the immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs, as well as inhibiting infiltration of lymphocytes via CAF-mediated matrix remodeling. TIL tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte, MDSC myeloid-derived suppressor cell, CAF cancer-associated fibroblast, TAM tumor-associated macrophage that oral squamous cell carcinoma-derived exosomal miR-21 activated the downstream PTEN-PD-L1 pathway in MDSCs, which further enhanced the immune tolerance in the tumor microenvironment [134]. However, this exosomal-mediated MDSCs induction could be interfered by additional vitamin D treatment.…”

Section: Cancer-derived Exosomal Mirnas and Mdscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of cancer-derived microRNAs in cancer immune escape

et al. 2020

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During malignant transformation, accumulated somatic mutations endow cancer cells with increased invasiveness and immunogenicity. Under selective pressure, these highly immunogenic cancer cells develop multiple strategies to evade immune attack. It has been well established that cancer cells could downregulate the expression of major histocompatibility complex, acquire alterations in interferon pathway, and upregulate the activities of immune checkpoint pathways. Besides, cancer cells secret numerous cytokines, exosomes, and microvesicles to regulate the functions and abundances of components in the tumor microenvironment including immune effector cells and professional antigen presentation cells. As the vital determinant of post-transcriptional regulation, microRNAs (miRNAs) not only participate in cancer initiation and progression but also regulate anti-cancer immune response. For instance, some miRNAs affect cancer immune surveillance and immune escape by interfering the expression of immune attack-associated molecules. A growing body of evidence indicated that cancer-derived immune modulatory miRNAs might be promising targets to counteract cancer immune escape. In this review, we summarized the role of some miRNAs in cancer immune escape and discussed their potential clinical application as treatment targets.

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“…Therefore, OSCC treatments by targeting exosomal miR‐21 have been proposed to improve the outcome of CT response . In addition, a very recent study has reported a beneficial therapeutic outcome for OSCC‐bearing immune‐competent mice by targeting the inhibition of exosomal miR‐21 and programmed death‐ligand 1 . Exosomal miR‐21 is also overexpressed in the serum of ESCC patients in comparison to benign patients, without systemic inflammation .…”

Section: Biomarkers In Oscc and Esccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy modulators for the treatment of oral and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas

Khan

Relitti

Brindisi

et al. 2019

Medicinal Research Reviews

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Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) exhibit a survival rate of less than 60% and 40%, respectively. Late-stage diagnosis and lack of effective treatment strategies make both OSCC and ESCC a significant health burden. Autophagy, a lysosome-dependent catabolic process, involves the degradation of intracellular components to maintain cell homeostasis. Targeting autophagy has been highlighted as a feasible therapeutic strategy with clinical utility in cancer treatment, although its associated regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. The detection of relevant biomarkers in biological fluids has been anticipated to facilitate early diagnosis and/or prognosis for these tumors. In this context, recent studies have indicated the presence of specific proteins and small RNAs, detectable in circulating plasma and serum, as biomarkers. Interestingly, the interplay between biomarkers (eg, exosomal microRNAs) and autophagic processes could be exploited in the quest for targeted and more effective therapies for OSCC and ESCC. In this review, we give an overview of the available biomarkers and innovative targeted therapeutic strategies, including the application of autophagy modulators in OSCC and ESCC.Additionally, we provide a viewpoint on the state of the art Tuhina Khan and Nicola Relitti contributed equally to this work. and on future therapeutic perspectives combining the early detection of relevant biomarkers with drug discovery for the treatment of OSCC and ESCC. K E Y W O R D S autophagy, autophagy modulators, biomarkers, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, exosomes, oral squamous cell carcinoma, targeted therapy 1 | INTRODUCTION Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the predominant malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity followed by verrucous carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, and small salivary adenocarcinoma. 1 Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the first histological type and accounts for 80% of cases of esophageal cancer. 2 OSCC and ESCC are indicated as one of the most common cancers by the International Union Against Cancer with an annual incidence of 275 000 and 456 000 cases worldwide, respectively. 3,4 The primary etiology in both OSCC and ESCC is attributed to the environmental factors (tobacco abuse, alcohol consumption), genetic factors (eg, mutations in enzymes), viral factors (human papilloma virus [HPV] infection), and/or the coexistence of these factors. Alcohol intake and tobacco use are responsible for at least 75% of these carcinomas. The underlying initiation and progression mechanisms of OSCC and ESCC are generally characterized by the accumulation of serial epigenetic and genetic alterations, which eventually lead to uncontrolled proliferation of the mutated cells, followed by vigorous cell division. 5,7 Early-stage OSCC detection displays an 80% survival rate at 5 years, while detection at advanced stage leads to survival rates ranging from 20% to 40%. 6 In ESCC, the 5-year survival rate for early-stage detection may reach 85%, whereas a dr...

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Microenvironmental oxygen pressure orchestrates an anti- and pro-tumoral γδ T cell equilibrium via tumor-derived exosomes

Cited by 150 publications

References 48 publications

Prospects and challenges of extracellular vesicle-based drug delivery system: considering cell source

Prospects and challenges of extracellular vesicle-based drug delivery system: considering cell source

The role of cancer-derived microRNAs in cancer immune escape

Autophagy modulators for the treatment of oral and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas

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