Microfluidic device fabrication mediated by surface chemical bonding

Sivakumar, R.; Lee, Nae Yoon

doi:10.1039/d0an00614a

Cited by 56 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…The present study demonstrates that in addition to the structural materials of the microfluidic devices, the solvents used in the bonding process can also strongly influence the growth of cells cultured in the microfluidic devices. In fact, each thermoplastic material requires a different bonding process [40], and the effects of both the structural material and the residual solvent on the cultured cells should be investigated to prevent incorrect interpretation of the results. This study presents an approach for assessing how the materials used in the microfluidic device fabrication process affect cell culture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effects of Solvents Used in the Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices on Cell Cultures

Wen

Takahashi²,

Hatakeyama³

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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Microfluidic microphysiological systems (MPSs) or “organs-on-a-chip” are a promising alternative to animal models for drug screening and toxicology tests. However, most microfluidic devices employ polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the structural material; and this has several drawbacks. Cyclo-olefin polymers (COPs) are more advantageous than PDMS and other thermoplastic materials because of their low drug absorption and autofluorescence. However, most COP-based microfluidic devices are fabricated by solvent bonding of the constituent parts. Notably, the remnant solvent can affect the cultured cells. This study employed a photobonding process with vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light to fabricate microfluidic devices without using any solvent and compared their performance with that of solvent-bonded systems (using cyclohexane, dichloromethane, or toluene as the solvent) to investigate the effects of residual solvent on cell cultures. Quantitative immunofluorescence assays indicated that the coating efficiencies of extracellular matrix proteins (e.g., Matrigel and collagen I) were lower in solvent-bonded COP devices than those in VUV-bonded devices. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the systems was evaluated using SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, and increased apoptosis was observed in the solvent-processed devices. These results provide insights into the effects of solvents used during the fabrication of microfluidic devices and can help prevent undesirable reactions and establish good manufacturing practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effects of Solvents Used in the Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices on Cell Cultures

Wen

Takahashi²,

Hatakeyama³

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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show abstract

“…In addition to the MPS materials, this study shows that the solvents used for bonding processes have a strong effect on cells cultured in MPSs. In fact, each material requires different bonding processes [30], so the effects of both materials and solvents on cultured cells should be investigated to prevent mistakes in the interpretation of the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of solvents used for fabrication of microphysiological systems

Wen

Takahashi²,

Hatakeyama³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Microphysiological systems (MPSs) have shown great promise for the advancement of drug discovery and toxicological tests, and as an alternative to animal models. However, although several chips and systems have been reported, some important issues are yet to be addressed, such as the use of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Cyclo olefin polymers (COPs) have advantages over other thermoplastic materials, but most COP-based MPSs use solvent bonding during fabrication, which can affect any cells they are used to culture. This study uses a photobonding process with vacuum ultraviolet (UVU) to produce MPSs without the need for solvents such as cyclohexane, dichloromethane, and toluene. This is then used for comparison to investigate the effects of solvents on cell cultures. Quantitative immunofluorescent assays show that the coating efficiencies of extracellular matrix proteins, such as Matrigel and collagen I, are reduced on solvent-treated COP surfaces, compared with those prepared using VUV photobonding. Furthermore, SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells are used to evaluate cytotoxicity. This shows that solvent-MPSs induce apoptosis, but VUV-MPSs do not. These results provide insights into solvent bonding for MPS fabrication so that undesirable reactions can be avoided. Moreover, this work may be used to standardize MPS protocols and establish good manufacturing practices.

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“…Under some circumstances, other steps like UV irradiation or surface modification are involved to ensure the bonding efficiency. 89 For example, oxygen plasma treatment followed by surface modification with 1% (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and (3-glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is displayed to realize bonding between PDMS substrates at room temperature. 90 …”

Section: Manufacturing Process Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives in translating microfluidic devices from laboratory prototyping into scale-up production

Cong

Zhang

2022

Biomicrofluidics

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Transforming lab research into a sustainable business is becoming a trend in the microfluidic field. However, there are various challenges during the translation process due to the gaps between academia and industry, especially from laboratory prototyping to industrial scale-up production, which is critical for potential commercialization. In this Perspective, based on our experience in collaboration with stakeholders, e.g., biologists, microfluidic engineers, diagnostic specialists, and manufacturers, we aim to share our understanding of the manufacturing process chain of microfluidic cartridge from concept development and laboratory prototyping to scale-up production, where the scale-up production of commercial microfluidic cartridges is highlighted. Four suggestions from the aspect of cartridge design for manufacturing, professional involvement, material selection, and standardization are provided in order to help scientists from the laboratory to bring their innovations into pre-clinical, clinical, and mass production and improve the manufacturability of laboratory prototypes toward commercialization.

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Microfluidic device fabrication mediated by surface chemical bonding

Abstract: This review discusses on various bonding techniques for fabricating microdevices with a special emphasis on the modification of surface assisted by the use of chemicals to assemble microfluidic devices at room temperature under atmospheric pressure.

Cited by 56 publications

References 143 publications

Evaluation of the Effects of Solvents Used in the Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices on Cell Cultures

Evaluation of the Effects of Solvents Used in the Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices on Cell Cultures

Evaluation of solvents used for fabrication of microphysiological systems

Perspectives in translating microfluidic devices from laboratory prototyping into scale-up production

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