Microgravity and Its Applications in Geosciences

Saibi, Hakim

doi:10.5772/intechopen.71223

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Perhaps it is simpler than the detection of gravitational waves [26], but it will also require considerable efforts and time. Modern microgravimeters, which are using in geology to find ore deposits [27], can be divided into two main categories: absolute gravimeters and relative ones. Absolute gravimeters determine the absolute values of the gravitational acceleration by direct measuring the acceleration of a freely falling body.…”

Section: Microgravimeter Measurements For Finding Anomaliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discussion of the Non-Destructive Testing Possibilities for the Study of the Great Pyramid of Giza

2023

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Many constructions built by ancient civilization hold many mysteries and attract the attention of historians, archaeologists and tourists from all over the world. The most famous and enigmatical among them is the Great (Khufu’s-Cheops’) Pyramid on the Giza plateau in Egypt. The assignment, construction methods and especially the inside structure of the Pyramid have been the cause of heated debate among historians and researchers since ancient times. Unfortunately, not only researchers are interested in ancient structures and excavation sites of archaeological values, but also robbers and illegal seekers of archaeological values. This led to the partial destruction of the Pyramid by the order of the Arab caliph Al-Ma’mun in the 9th century AD. From the middle of the last century, the point of view has prevailed that only non-destructive testing methods are acceptable when examining ancient structures. In the 1960s, a technology was proposed for transilluminating the pyramids of Giza by muons, which are generated by cosmic rays in the Earth’s atmosphere. This method gave promising results. Other means were also proposed, which include radar, as well as gravitational and vibration technologies. However, despite numerous attempts to use them, no significant success or discovery has been achieved. A discussion of these methods, their applications and partial successes is the subject of this article.

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Section: Microgravimeter Measurements For Finding Anomaliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discussion of the Non-Destructive Testing Possibilities for the Study of the Great Pyramid of Giza

2023

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“…With the improvement of experimental technology and instruments, it became possible to predict the presence of ore deposits under its surface measured variations in the value of the Earth's gravitational field [24,25,26,27]. Modern microgravimeters can be divided into two main categories: absolute gravimeters and relative ones.…”

Section: Gravimeters and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Possibility to Find Voids inside the Great Pyramid by Microgravimeters

Ivashov

Бугаев

Razevig

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The ancient pyramids keep a lot of mysteries and attract the attention of historians, archaeologists and just tourists from all over the world. Their assignment, construction methods and especially the discovery of previously unknown voids and structures inside them require further study using new technical solutions. The most famous of these structures is the Great (Khufu’s) Pyramid on the Giza plateau in Egypt. Since the middle of the last century, several non-destructive technical methods have been proposed for examining the internal structure of the pyramid. Electromagnetic translucence in the radio frequency range and the use of muon sensors are among them. Although the use of muon sensors has supposedly revealed two previously unknown voids within the Pyramid, independent confirmation of their presence is required. The article discusses the fundamental possibility of using gravimetry to examine the internal structure of the Great Pyramid, and analyzes combining it with other modern technical means including unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for the implementation of this project. The paper proposes the simplest model that allows evaluating the required accuracy of a microgravimeter capable detecting the supposed voids in the Pyramid. The advantage of this approach, in addition to its simplicity, is the ability easily checking the presented in paper results. The main purpose of writing the article is to draw the attention of the scientific community to another method of non-destructive testing for the study of the internal structure of the Great Pyramid and discussion further needed steps in this direction.

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“…At the equator, the value of gravitational acceleration on Earth's surface varies from 9.78 m/s 2 to about 9.83 m/s 2 at the poles (Figure 2) (Ismail, 2015). Temperature changes and elastic creep in springs cause meter readings to change gradually with time even if the meter is never moved (Saibi, 2018). Mathews and McLean (2015) also explained that the most common cause of instrument drift is due to the extension of the sensor spring with changes in temperature (obeying Hooke's law).…”

Section: Cost Of Gravity Observation and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Local Gravity Anomalies from Processed Observed Gravity Measurements for Geodetic Applications

Eteje

Oduyebo

Oluyori

2019

IJSRST

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As the application of gravity data in applied sciences such as geodesy, geodynamics, astronomy, physics and geophysics for earth shape determination, geoid model determination, computation of terrestrial mass displacement, orbit computation of natural and artificial celestial bodies, realization of force standards and derived quantities and density distribution in the different layers in the upper crust and having considered the cost of direct gravity survey, the study presents modelling local gravity anomalies from processed observed gravity measurements for geodetic application in Benin City. A total of 22 points were used. The points were respectively observed with CHC900 dual frequency GNSS receivers and SCINTREX CG-5 Autograv to obtain their coordinates and absolute gravity values. The theoretical gravity values of the points were computed on the Clarke 1880 ellipsoid to obtain their local gravity anomalies. The free air and the Bouguer corrections were applied to the computed gravity anomalies to obtain the free air and the Bouguer gravity anomalies of the points. Least squares adjustment technique was applied to obtain the model variables coefficient/parameters, as well as to fit the fifth-degree polynomial interpolation surface to the computed free air and the Bouguer gravity anomalies. Kriging method was applied using Surfer 12 software to plot the computed and the models' free air and Bouguer gravity anomalies. Microsoft Excel programs were developed for the application of the models in the study area. The Root Mean Square Errors (RMSEs) and the standard errors of the two models were computed to obtain the dependability, as well as reliability of the models. It is recommended that whenever either free air or Bouguer gravity anomalies of points within Benin City are to be obtained for application in applied sciences, the determined models should be applied.

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Microgravity and Its Applications in Geosciences

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Discussion of the Non-Destructive Testing Possibilities for the Study of the Great Pyramid of Giza

Discussion of the Non-Destructive Testing Possibilities for the Study of the Great Pyramid of Giza

Evaluation of the Possibility to Find Voids inside the Great Pyramid by Microgravimeters

Modelling Local Gravity Anomalies from Processed Observed Gravity Measurements for Geodetic Applications

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