Microgrids Technologies in Future Seaports

Ahamad, Nor Baizura; Guerrero, Josep M.; Su, Chun‐Lien; Vasquez, Juan C.; Xiao, Zhaoxia

doi:10.1109/eeeic.2018.8494428

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The applications of shoreside power are still facing many technical challenges of power supply demand, frequency level, and voltage differences in the shore and shipside. So the integration of microgrids in conventional seaports is the first step toward future green ports [127], [128]. The author in [130] assesses the concept of a port microgrid for port energy management.…”

Section: A Port Microgridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Greener Seaports: A Review of New Infrastructure, Challenges, and Energy Efficiency Measures

et al. 2021

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Recently, the application of renewable energy sources (RESs) for power distribution systems is growing immensely. This advancement brings several advantages, such as energy sustainability and reliability, easier maintenance, cost-effective energy sources, and ecofriendly. The application of RESs in maritime systems such as port microgrids massively improves energy efficiency and reduces the utilization of fossil fuels, which is a serious threat to the environment. Accordingly, ports are receiving several initiatives to improve their energy efficiency by deploying different types of RESs based on the power electronic converters. This paper conducts a systematic review to provide cutting-edge state-of-the-art on the modern electrification and infrastructure of seaports taking into account some challenges such as the environmental aspects, energy efficiency enhancement, renewable energy integration, and legislative and regulatory requirements. Moreover, the technological methods, including electrifications, digitalization, onshore power supply applications, and energy storage systems of ports, are addressed. Furthermore, details of some operational strategies such as energy-aware operations and peak-shaving are delivered. Besides, the infrastructure scheme to enhance the energy efficiency of modern ports, including port microgrids and seaport smart microgrids are delivered. Finally, the applications of nascent technologies in seaports are presented.

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Section: A Port Microgridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Greener Seaports: A Review of New Infrastructure, Challenges, and Energy Efficiency Measures

et al. 2021

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“…Seaports by definition can be viewed as centers of economic activities associated with any kind of arrival (tourist or goods), service of ships, and cargoes [9]. The most common ports can be categorized into commercial/industrial ports, container terminal ports, and intermodal ports [10]. An industrial port is where socio-economic and trading activities are actively running [5].…”

Section: Port Activities and Power Consumersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome continuous fossil fuel burning, cold-ironing facilities are provided at the intermediate area between the sea and shore side. Power requirement varies from 300 kW to 7 MW depending on the type of ships and berthing duration [21]. In addition to the onshore power supply, the port must accommodate the shore charging facilities.…”

Section: International Portmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the main engines are normally turned off during berthing, the vessel's auxiliary engines are turned on to supply power to all loads inside the vessel such as lighting, ventilation, cooling and other onboard equipment. A study on different types of vessels in Ref [21] shows that the average berthing time per vessel is between 21 hours -52 hours. The burning diesel oil during berthing in such a long time inject severe GHG emission.…”

Section: Ports and Ships Electrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of the Conceptualization and Operational Management of Seaport Microgrids on the Shore and Seaside

Bakar¹,

Guerrero²,

Vásquez³

et al. 2021

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Seaports are well known as the medium that has evolved into the central link between sea and land for complex marine activities. The growth in maritime logistics especially necessitates a large volume of energy supply to maintain the operation of sea trade, resulting in an imbalance between the generation and demand sides. Future projections for three major concerns show an increase in load demand, cost of operation, and environmental issues. In order to overcome these problems, integrating microgrids as an innovative technology in the seaport power system appears to be a vital strategy. It is believed that microgrids enhance the seaport operation by providing sustainable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective energy. Despite the fact that microgrids are well established and widely used in a variety of operations on land, their incorporation into the seaport is still limited. The involvement of a variety of heavy loads such as all-electric ships, cranes, cold ironing, and buildings infrastructure makes it a complicated arrangement task in several aspects, which necessitate further research and leave space for improvement. In this paper, an overview of the seaport microgrids in terms of their concepts, requirements, and operation management is presented. It provides the perspectives of integrating the microgrid concept into a seaport from both shore side and seaside as a smart initiative for the green ports vision. Future research directions are discussed towards the development of more efficient marine power system.

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“…There are different times of berthing for each ship and various numbers of ship berthing at the port from time to time. N. Ahamad et al [24] summarize the average time of berthing and typical power requirement for different types of vessels as listed in Table 3. The load profile used in the simulation in this study is shown in Figure 3.…”

Section: Load Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Configuration and Sizing of Seaport Microgrids including Renewable Energy and Cold Ironing – The Port of Aalborg Case Study

Bakar¹,

Guerrero²,

Vásquez³

et al. 2021

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Microgrid is one of the promising green transition technologies that will provide enormous benefit to the seaport, as a solution to the major concerns in this sector, namely energy crisis, economical and environmental pollution. However, finest design of the microgrid is a challenging task considering different objectives, constraints and uncertainties involved. To ensure the optimal operation of the system, determining the right configuration framework and size for each component in the seaport microgrid at the minimum cost is a vital decision at the design stage. This paper aims to design a hybrid system of seaport microgrid with optimally sized component .The selected case study is the Port of Aalborg, Denmark. The proposed grid-connected structure consists of renewable energy sources (photovoltaic system and wind turbines), an energy storage system and cold ironing as seaport’ loads. The architecture is then optimized by utilizing HOMER to meet the maximum load demand by considering a few parameters such as solar global horizontal irradiance, temperature and wind resources. Then, the best configuration framework is analyzed in terms of economic feasibility, energy reliability and environmental impact.

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Microgrids Technologies in Future Seaports

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Future Greener Seaports: A Review of New Infrastructure, Challenges, and Energy Efficiency Measures

Future Greener Seaports: A Review of New Infrastructure, Challenges, and Energy Efficiency Measures

A Review of the Conceptualization and Operational Management of Seaport Microgrids on the Shore and Seaside

Optimal Configuration and Sizing of Seaport Microgrids including Renewable Energy and Cold Ironing – The Port of Aalborg Case Study

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