Micronuclei and disease – Report of HUMN project workshop at Rennes 2019 EEMGS conference

Importância Do Teste De Micronúcleos Como Instrumento Preventivo Em Saúde Geral E Ambiental / Importance of Micro-Nucleus Testing as a Preventive Instrument in General and Environmental Health

“…Não está incluído no núcleo das células-filhas, mas permanecem no citoplasma como microestruturas semelhantes ao núcleo principal. O aumento da frequência de micronúcleos não indica necessariamente a formação de lesão pré-neoplásica ou carcinoma, mas revela a genotoxicidade de carcinógenos e pode indicar uma probabilidade elevada de mudanças em um cromossomo particular, que por sua vez, levam ao surgimento de lesões (YANG et al, 2017) Em uma das amostras analisadas, intitulada como: "Micronuclei and disease -Report of HUMN project workshop at Rennes 2019 EEMGS conference", Stefano Bonassi ressaltou que biomarcadores como o Teste de Micronúcleos, pode ser amplamente aplicado em estudos populacionais para explorar o efeito da exposição a agentes genotóxicos, relações dose-resposta, mecanismos de ação, causalidade da doença e, em alguns casos, para conduzir intervenções de saúde pública, sendo considerado um valioso preditor de resposta, evento adverso ou suscetibilidade (FENECH et al, 2020). Hutter et al (2018) aborda em sua pesquisa que o ser humano está frequentemente exposto agentes genotóxicos que podem provocar danos no DNA celular.…”

DNA Damages in Patients with Congenital Hearing Loss

“…Micronucleus are defined as structures originating from complete chromosomes or acentric chromosome fragments that are not involved in the core nucleus during the mitosis of the cell (10). Therefore, after MN formation, cells may gain or lose the DNA sequence (11), which may be associated with diseases. Until now, it has been known that the CBMN assay end-points including MN, NPB, and NBUD have been evaluated as a risk prediction of diseases.…”

“…Until now, it has been known that the CBMN assay end-points including MN, NPB, and NBUD have been evaluated as a risk prediction of diseases. As a general consequence, micronucleus formation has been associated with a wide range of disorders and/or diseases including fertility, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases, neurodegenerative diseases (11). Furthermore, the increase of MN frequencies has been associated with cancer including cervical cancer, bladder cancer, oral, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer (11).…”

“…As a general consequence, micronucleus formation has been associated with a wide range of disorders and/or diseases including fertility, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases, neurodegenerative diseases (11). Furthermore, the increase of MN frequencies has been associated with cancer including cervical cancer, bladder cancer, oral, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer (11). NPB occurs during the anaphase phase of mitosis during the withdrawal of the dicentric chromosome centromeres on the opposite poles which originate from the false repairing of chromosome fractures or from the fusion of telomeres (6).…”

An anaphase surveillance mechanism prevents micronuclei formation from mitotic errors

“…Micronuclei (MN) are small sized nuclei derived from chromosomes or chromosome fragments that fail to incorporate into daughter nuclei during cell division (Guo et al, 2019). MN formation is a widely used biomarker of cancer and inflammation, as well as several metabolic, reproductive, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders (Fenech et al, 2020). Recently, MN derived from chromosome segregation errors have drawn exceptional attention due to their causal link with chromothripsis, a series of massive genomic rearrangements that may drive rapid tumor evolution and account for acquired drug resistance and oncogene activation (Crasta et al, 2012; Ly and Cleveland, 2017; Shoshani et al, 2020; Zhang et al, 2015).…”