Micronutrient requirements and effects on cellular growth of acetic acid bacteria involved in vinegar production

Abstract

This study aimed to verify the need for minerals and vitamins to increase the production of cell mass by acetic acid bacteria (AAB) isolated from the vinegar industry (086/06) and standard strain (Acetobacter aceti CCT 2565). Five minerals (Mo, B, Zn, Fe, and Mn) and eight vitamins (p-aminobenzoic acid, thiamine, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, cyanocobalamin, and inositol) were tested in a fractional factorial design. To prepare the inoculum, different compositions of MYP (mannitol, yeast, and peptone) medium were tested. The most adequate medium was mannitol 25 g/L, yeast extract 0.625 g/L, and peptone 0.375 g/L. Through contour curves, it was determined that strain 086/06 needed supplementation with minerals Mo, B and Mn and vitamins p-aminobenzoic acid, pyridoxine and cyanocobalamin. Standard strain CCT 2565 needed supplementation of all minerals and vitamins studied, except inositol. The lower requirement of micronutrients for high cell multiplication of the 086/06 strain may be related to the adaptation of strain 086/06 to industrial production conditions.

Microbial Inoculation Improves Growth, Nutritional and Physiological Aspects of Glycine max (L.) Merr.

“…Non-inoculated plants accumulated low concentrations of Mg. Studies show that microbial cells demand Mg for vital metabolic activities [ 65 , 66 ]. In plants, this nutrient is present in high concentrations and has a number of important functions: it acts as an enzymatic activator or cofactor in metabolic reactions involving ATP, stabilizes DNA, RNA, and cell membranes, and is a component of chlorophyll [ 67 , 68 , 69 ].…”

Sorbitol production from mixtures of molasses and sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate using the thermally adapted Zymomonas mobilis ZM AD41

“…Notably, other vitamins, such as B1, B2, B9, and B12, were not detected in the SM used in this study. As previously reported, several microorganisms require vitamins for their growth and metabolism, either as coenzymes or as important metabolic precursors 31 , 32 .…”

Increased growth temperature and vitamin B12 supplementation reduces the lag time for rapid pathogen identification in BHI agar and blood cultures

“…The microbial cell is composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen elements. Other elements such as phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, and sodium are equally crucial for the vital activities of bacterial metabolism ( dos Santos et al , 2022 ). These micronutrients are essential for the enzymatic activities of the bacterial cell and act as prosthetic groups or cofactors for necessary metabolic enzymes ( Hood & Skaar, 2012 ).…”

“…The culturebased methods have a turnaround time of two to four days in most samples. However, in the case of bloodstream infections where the bacterial load is lower, the identification and AST can take up to five days (Briggs et al, 2021;Metzgar et al, 2016). There are many emerging micro-and nanotechnologies for pathogen identification and AST, including both phenotypic (microfluidic-based bacterial culture) and molecular methods (PCR, hybridization probes, nanoparticles, synthetic biology, and mass spectrometry) (Li et al, 2017).…”