Microphytoplankton Dynamics in Curuperé Estuary at the Amazonian Mangrove Ecosystem

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate microphytoplankton dynamics and environmental parameters in the estuary of the Curuperé River, located in an Amazonian mangrove ecosystem. Ten sampling sites, where occupied to obtain surface water samples for qualitative and quantitative microphytoplankton analyses, chlorophyll-a, temperature, turbidity, salinity, and pH. Samplings were conducted in four months: in February, May, August and November/2015; the first two months corresponding to rainy season and the last two to dry season. Significant spatiotemporal differences were observed, for diversity, equitability and specific dominance of the microphytoplankton community. In total, 212 taxa were identified and this community was dominated by Bacillariophyta (149 taxa), followed by Myzozoa (29 taxa). The abundance varied from 7,700 ind L-1, (May, sampling site 1) to 343,800 ind L-1, in August (sampling site 4). The diatom Cymatosira belgica was the dominant species, followed by Dimeregramma minor (major peaks of 180,600 ind L-1 and 120,400 ind L-1, respectively) in August at point 4. Phytoplankton biomass indicates an eutrophic estuary as Chlorophyll-a varied from 13.01 to 112.88 mg m-3, probably due to marine shrimp farm effluents. It was possible to identify species strongly indicative of the environment, through analysis of indicator species (IndVal), and their relations with the main environmental conditions (pH, salinity and rainfall), determined by canonical redundancy analysis (RDA).

Evaluation of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in Marine Oyster Farming and Microalgae in the Atlantic Amazon Evidences Safety but Highlights Potential Risks of Shellfish Poisoning

“…Our results oppose the analysis previously conducted in Bragança, another point in the coastal regions of Pará [ 32 ]. The microalgae groups, however, showed expected behavior, such as the representativeness and abundance of diatoms in brackish and saline environments in the world and in the study region [ 32 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Effect of seasonality and estuarine waters on the phytoplankton of the Guamá River (Belém, Amazon, Brazil)

“…This oceanic influence also acts on the tidal regimes at the mouth of the Guamá River, which is reflected in the composition of phytoplankton species, since it is formed mainly by marine diatoms (Paiva et al 2006), which predominate in estuarine environments (Moser et al 2002, Paiva et al 2006, Leão et al 2008, Monteiro et al 2009, Sousa et al 2009, Vilhena et al 2014, Reis et al 2020, Cereja et al 2021, Sá et al 2022. Amazonian white-water rivers (Sioli & Klinge 1962) have low density, and diatoms are the leading phytoplankton group (Sousa et al 2013).…”

Fitoplâncton do estuário do Emboraí Velho (Nova Olinda - PA)

“…As diatomáceas formaram o grupo com maior riqueza taxonômica e abundância de organismos, sendo comumente observadas em ambientes costeiros, haja vista que estes organismos são considerados os mais representativos nestes ecossistemas, contribuindo em grande parte para elevada produção primária destas áreas (Matos, et al, 2016a;Reis et al, 2020;Queiroz et al, 2022). Dentre os gêneros de diatomáceas identificados, os mais numerosos taxonomicamente foram Chaetoceros, Coscinodiscus, Nitzschia e Thalassiosira.…”

“…Em termos quantitativos, a espécie Cymatosira belgica foi muito frequente e representativa durante todo o período de estudo. Está diatomácea marinha bentônica (Tomas, 1997) apresentou forte afinidade com a salinidade (ACC), como previamente observado por Reis et al (2020). Esta espécie pode ser ocasionalmente encontrada como componente temporário do plâncton (ticoplâncton) nos ambientes epipelágicos devido a processos de ressuspensão do sedimento para coluna d'água, sendo este processo comum em estuários rasos e com forte dinâmica de marés (Pereira et al, 2010;Cunha et al, 2013), como é o caso do Emboraí Velho (Barros et al, 2019).…”

“…No estuário do Emboraí velho, ao contrário do que se observa em outros estuários amazônicos Matos, et al, 2016a) (Santos et al, 2017;Reis et al, 2020).…”