Microplastic content variation in water column: The observations employing a novel sampling tool in stratified Baltic Sea

Zobkov, Mikhail; Esiukova, Elena; Zyubin, Andrey; Самусев, И. Г.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.11.047

Cited by 122 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In fact, digestion methods are used to degrade the organic part of the sample, whereas MPs are not removed. There are different types of digestion, including acidic (Zobkov et al 2019), enzymatic (Saliu et al 2018), alkaline (Zhu et al 2019), and oxidative (Pan et al 2019), and they can also be used in combination (Tamminga et al 2018). The use of different digestion methods allows for the degradation of a wider range of compounds.…”

Section: Digestion Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3a, Table 1). These systems can consist of different kinds of pumps (Lusher et al 2014;Setälä et al 2016;Zobkov et al 2019) and allow for sampling a large volume of seawater. Seawater intake systems of the vessel can be used for this purpose (Morgana et al 2018).…”

Section: Pumping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pumps can be lowered from the vessel using a winch sideways or towards the stern of the ship (Ng and Obbard 2006;Setälä et al 2016). There is no standardization for sampling time with pumping systems and they can work for several hours straight along the same transect (Lenz et al 2015) or for a few minutes or hours in different sampling stations (Desforges et al 2014;Zobkov et al 2019). Pumping systems allow for sampling the subsuperficial layer of the water column from surface to 6-m depth or down to a depth of 100 m (Zhao et al 2015;Morgana et al 2018;Zobkov et al 2019).…”

Section: Pumping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no standardization for sampling time with pumping systems and they can work for several hours straight along the same transect (Lenz et al 2015) or for a few minutes or hours in different sampling stations (Desforges et al 2014;Zobkov et al 2019). Pumping systems allow for sampling the subsuperficial layer of the water column from surface to 6-m depth or down to a depth of 100 m (Zhao et al 2015;Morgana et al 2018;Zobkov et al 2019). When sampling is performed continuously, the vessel speed must be kept at 1-12 knots (Enders et al 2015;Setälä et al 2016).…”

Section: Pumping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Microplastics in seawater: sampling strategies, laboratory methodologies, and identification techniques applied to port environment

Cutroneo

Reboa

Besio

et al. 2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

125

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The European Interreg Italy-France 2014-2020 Maritime Project SPlasH! (Stop to Plastics in H 2 O!) focused on the study of microplastics (MPs) in the marine port environment to evaluate their presence, abundance, and mechanisms of diffusion to the open sea. In the framework of this project, a worldwide review of 74 studies was carried out, providing an overview of MP investigation techniques, focusing on sampling strategies, laboratory methodologies, and identification of MPs collected in seawater, and specifically evaluating their applicability to the marine port environment. Nets were the most commonly used device for MP surface sampling, but their use can be difficult in narrow spaces within the port basins, and they must be coupled to discrete sampling devices to cover all port basins. In the laboratory, density separation (NaCl, ZnCl 2 , NaI, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)), filtration (polycarbonate, polyamide, glass, cellulose, ANOPORE inorganic membrane filters), sieving, visual sorting, and digestion methods (acidic, enzymatic, alkaline, oxidative) were used to separate MPs from seawater. Digestion becomes essential with water samples with great inorganic and organic loads as deriving from a port. Although many studies are based only on visual MP identification under a microscope, analytical identification techniques unequivocally determine the particle nature and the identity of the plastic polymers and are necessary to validate the visual sorting of MPs. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is the most used analytical identification technique.

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Section: Digestion Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pumping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pumping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pumping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Microplastics in seawater: sampling strategies, laboratory methodologies, and identification techniques applied to port environment

Cutroneo

Reboa

Besio

et al. 2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The pump-underway ship water intake has been used for this purpose in a number of published studies [46][47][48][49][50], and the development of methods that allow the sampling from ships of opportunity, such as onboard pumping and filtration systems, have also been encouraged by experts [23,51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pump-underway ship intake: An unexploited opportunity for Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) microplastic monitoring needs on coastal and oceanic waters

2020

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Broad scale sampling methods for microplastic monitoring in the open ocean waters remain a challenge in oceanography. A large number of samples is required to understand the distribution, abundance and fate of microplastic particles in the environment. Despite more than a decade of widespread study, there is currently no established time series of microplastic measurements and the research community is yet to establish a standardised set of methods that will allow data to be collected in a quick, affordable and interoperable way. We present a sampling technique involving the connection of a custom-built microplastic sampling device to the pump-underway ship intake system of a research vessel (RV) as an unexploited opportunity for oceanic monitoring needs concerning microplastic abundance and distribution. The method is cost effective, highly versatile and accurate, and is able to sample particles down to 50μm from opportunity platforms, thus contributing to an emerging area of study, and in particular helping to increase the monitoring reporting of data, and thereby serving as a valuable aid for the implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Sampling was performed during three consecutive oceanographic cruises in the subtropical NE Atlantic over a year, sampling subsurface waters (4 m depth) during navigation and while on coastal and oceanic stations. Microplastic particles were found in all stations and transects sampled. Fibres (64.42%) were predominant over fragments (35.58%), with the concentration values falling within the ranges of data reported for other areas of the Atlantic.

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Estimating Microplastics in Deep Water

Courtene‐Jones¹,

Li²,

Li³

2022

Plastics and the Ocean

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Microplastic content variation in water column: The observations employing a novel sampling tool in stratified Baltic Sea

Cited by 122 publications

References 46 publications

Microplastics in seawater: sampling strategies, laboratory methodologies, and identification techniques applied to port environment

Microplastics in seawater: sampling strategies, laboratory methodologies, and identification techniques applied to port environment

Pump-underway ship intake: An unexploited opportunity for Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) microplastic monitoring needs on coastal and oceanic waters

Estimating Microplastics in Deep Water

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