Microplastics in water from the confluence of tropical rivers: Overall review and a case study in Paraiba do Sul River basin

Costa, Igor David da; Costa, Leonardo Lopes; Zalmon, Ilana Rosental

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139493

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The minimum observed microplastic concentration was 10 items/L, surpassing the established threshold value for food dilution effects, determined through organismal and population scale toxicity tests (5 microplastics/L), as outlined in the 2024 California Integrated Report on surface water quality assessments 52 . The maximum microplastic concentration was identified at the Raquette-St. Lawrence confluence (34 items/L), aligning with previous research indicating greater microplastic concentrations in confluence areas compared to upstream regions 48 . High concentration of microplastics in the confluence area has also been reported for Cisadane River (32 MP/m 3 ), Ottawa River (120 MP/m 3 ), Milwaukee River (1.27 MP/m 3 ), Wei River (950 MP/m 3 ), and Mekong River (3.96 MP/m 3 ) respectively 55 – 59 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The particles were scanned under the wavenumber from 500 to 4000 cm −1 using transmittance mode. The spectra were processed using OMNIC software ( https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/INQSOF018 ) with thermo scientific FTIR i10 and only polymers corresponding to reference spectra > 85% (compared to Open Specy—MicroplasticSpectra) were considered 48 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microplastic concentration in each sample was calculated using the ratio between microplastic number and the total volume of water ( L ) for water samples and the ratio between microplastic number and dry weight of sediment (kg) for sediment samples 48 . Statistical differences in terms of microplastic concentrations between sampled locations or sampling method were tested using one-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc Tukey test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and risk assessment of microplastic pollution in a rural river system near a wastewater treatment plant, hydro-dam, and river confluence

Haque,

Holsen,

Baki

2024

Sci Rep

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Rivers are the natural drainage system, transporting anthropogenic wastes and pollution, including microplastics (plastic < 5 mm). In a riverine system, microplastics can enter from different sources, and have spatial variance in concentration, physical and chemical properties, and imposed risk to the ecosystem. This pilot study presents an examination of microplastics in water and sediment samples using a single sample collection from the rural Raquette River, NY to evaluate a hypothesis that distinct locations of the river, such as downstream of a wastewater treatment plant, upstream of a hydro-dam, and river confluence, may be locations of higher microplastics concentration. In general, our results revealed the presence of high microplastic concentrations downstream of the wastewater treatment plant (in sediments), upstream of the hydro dam (both water and sediment), and in the river confluence (water sample), compared to other study sites. Moreover, the risk assessment indicates that even in a rural river with most of its drainage basin comprising forested and agricultural land, water, and sediment samples at all three locations are polluted with microplastics (pollution load index, PLI > 1; PLIzone = 1.87 and 1.68 for water and sediment samples respectively), with risk categories between Levels I and IV (“minor” to “danger”). Overall, the river stands in a “considerable” risk category (PRIzone = 134 and 113 for water and sediment samples respectively). The overall objective of this pilot study was to evaluate our hypothesis and advance our understanding of microplastic dynamics in rural river systems, elucidating their introduction from a point source (wastewater treatment plant), transit through an impediment (hydro-dam), and release into a vital transboundary river (confluence of Raquette-St. Lawrence Rivers).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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