2006
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.03.053
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Microprocessor controlled transdermal drug delivery

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Cited by 56 publications
(35 citation statements)
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“…Constant current transdermal iontophoresis involves the application of a small electric potential gradient across the skin to set up an ionic current into and across the membrane [31]. Since an electric current is essentially a flow of charge - either electronic or ionic - and given that ions tend to be hydrosoluble and by definition polar, iontophoresis is uniquely suited to the delivery of substances that are poor candidates for passive diffusion across the stratum corneum - thus, it perfectly complements passive delivery using conventional patches.…”
Section: Physical Enhancement Strategiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Constant current transdermal iontophoresis involves the application of a small electric potential gradient across the skin to set up an ionic current into and across the membrane [31]. Since an electric current is essentially a flow of charge - either electronic or ionic - and given that ions tend to be hydrosoluble and by definition polar, iontophoresis is uniquely suited to the delivery of substances that are poor candidates for passive diffusion across the stratum corneum - thus, it perfectly complements passive delivery using conventional patches.…”
Section: Physical Enhancement Strategiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An iontophoretic device consists of an active electrode containing the formulation and a return electrode, a power source and a microprocessor that controls the intensity, duration and profile of the applied current [32]. Upon current application, drug cations move away from the anode and into the skin by electromigration; negatively charged drugs are delivered in similar fashion from the cathodal compartment.…”
Section: Physical Enhancement Strategiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…This method involves enhancing the permeation of a topically applied therapeutic agent by the application of a low level electric current either directly to the skin or indirectly via the dosage form (21,22,23,24,25). Increase in drug permeation as a result of this methodology can be attributed to either one or a combination of the following mechanisms; electrorepulsion (for charged solutes), electro osmosis (for uncharged solutes) and electropertubation (for both charged and uncharged).…”
Section: Iontophoresismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Estudos demonstram que através de microcontroladores eletrônicos programáveis pode-se obter dispositivos com esquemas posológicos complexos. 34,[40][41][42] Dispositivos iontoforéticos bem desenvolvidos são capazes, por exemplo, de mimetizar a secreção fisiológica natural de um hormônio como se fossem glândulas endócrinas artificiais, liberando o fármaco de maneira pulsátil ou contínua enquanto o paciente dorme. O hormônio de liberação do hormônio luteinizante (LHRH), por exemplo, pode ser liberado de maneira contínua para o tratamento do câncer de próstata e de maneira pulsátil para o tratamento da infertilidade.…”
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