Micropropagation of ornamental Prunus spp. and GF305 peach, a Prunus viral indicator

Abstract

A micropropagation approach was developed for nine ornamental Prunus species, P. americana, P. cistena, P. glandulosa, P. serrulata 'Kwanzan', P. laurocerasus, P. sargentii, P. tomentosa, P. triloba, P. virginiana 'Schubert', commercially important in North America, and GF305 peach, commonly used for Prunus virus indexing. The micropropagation cycle based on proliferation of vegetative tissues includes establishment of tissue culture through introduction of shoot meristems in vitro, shoot proliferation, root induction and plant acclimatization steps and can be completed in 5 months. A meristem sterilization protocol minimized bacterial and fungal contamination. Multiple shoot formation in ornamental Prunus was obtained through the use of 1 mg l(-1) 6-benzyladenine. For GF305 peach, alteration in the sugar composition, fructose instead of sucrose, and addition of 1 mg l(-1 )ferulic acid had a significant impact on the shoot proliferation rate and maintenance of long-term in vitro culture. Rooting and plant acclimatization conditions were improved using a two-step protocol with a 4-day root induction in indole-3-butiric acid (IBA)-containing media with consequent 3-week root elongation in IBA-free media. One-month incubation of rooted shoots in a vermiculite-based medium resulted in additional shoot and root growth and provided better acclimatization and plant recovery. The micropropagation approach can be used for maintenance of the clonal properties for Prunus spp. as well as a protocol to support meristem therapy against viral infection.

Breeding in peach, cherry and plum: from a tissue culture, genetic, transcriptomic and genomic perspective

“…The first attempts to propagate Prunus species were successful during the 1960s (Martínez-Gomez et al, 2005) and, after that, economically important species were propagated using meristems (Perez-Tornero et al, 1999;Kalinina et al, 2007), axillary buds (Muna et al, 1999) or shoot tips (Sulusoglu and Cavusoglu, 2013).…”

<i>In Vitro</i> Propagation and Recovery of Eight Apple and Two Pear Cultivars Held in a Germplasm Bank

“…Other cytokinins such as zeatin, 2iP and kinetin have also been tested in several studies and have generally been found to be less active [28]. The development of axillary buds as a multiplication method has been used in some fruit cultivars [29] as is one of the most effective methods of maintaining the genetic stability of cultivars.…”

In Vitro Callus Induction from Adult Tissues of Japanese Flowering Cherry Trees and Two Cherry Rootstocks

“…have been used for somatic organogenesis and embryogenesis, protoplast fusion, and hybridization (Druart, 1980(Druart, , 1999Jones et al, 1984;Garin et al, 1997;Tang et al, 2000). It has also been exploited in agricultural practices, horticulture, forestry and industry in order to achieve mass propagation of virus free plants (Neil and Neil, 2000;Akita et al, 2006;Feeney et al, 2007;Kalinina and Brown, 2007;Ružić et al, 2010). Many of these areas include working within the in vitro culture of the callus and one of the direction of the in vitro culture development are grafting compatibility of the rootstock and scion (Errea et al, 1994;2001;Nito et al, 2005;Todić et al, 2005).…”

“…Flowering cherries (members of the Prunus subgenus Cerasus; Rosaceae) have been cultivated for more than 1000 years (Kato et al, 1999) and the economic and commercial importance is based on their attractive appearance, extensive vegetation, unpretentious growth conditions and high adaptation abilities (Kalinina and Brown, 2007). While research on the improvement of agronomic traits has been extensively conducted in the edible Prunus species (Caponeti et al, 1971;Jones and Hopgood, 1979;Garin et al, 1997;Miletić et al, 2008;Ružić et al, 2010;Mahdavian et al, 2011;Druart, 2013;Dorić et al, 2014) study of ornamental representatives of this genus is done on a much smaller scale, most probably due to fewer economic benefits.…”

“…(Matsuta et al, 1983), Prunus × yodensis Matsum. (Ishikura, 1994;Akita et al, 2006), eight ornamental cherries (Hokanson and Pooler, 2000), Prunus incisa 'February Pink' (Cheong and Pooler, 2004) and P. serrulata 'Kanzan' (Duta et al, 2007;Kalinina and Brown, 2007). elongated branches, developed in the spring within the period of 4-5 weeks after the beginning of flowering were used as explant source for callus induction.…”