MicroRNA expression profiling and potential biomarker exploration in BMSCs of osteoporosis patients based on high-throughput sequencing technology

Abstract

Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are core stem cells and their differentiation orientation directly manipulates the ongoing of osteoporosis (OP). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are momentously characterized molecular in BMSCs. However, the leading pattern and trait of miRNAs in OP remain vague and mysterious. Full-scale research of BMSCs-existed miRNA expression between normal conditions and patients experiencing OP is the only way for us to pinpoint the effect of miRNA, making us rationally and effectively utilize miRNA. Objective This review chiefly lies in exploring, selecting, verifying, and confirming the biomarker of miRNAs by dissecting miRNA patterns, which offer diagnosis reference, monitor value, customized feature therapy by developing related preparation, and emerging prognosis indicators. Methods We gathered miRNA-seq datasets from human BMSCs to detect the expression pattern of miRNA. Herein, we searched and distinguished microRNA expression levels of BMSCs, sifted the distinctively existing microRNAs, sought the preferentially expressed microRNAs, had knowledge of the target points of related microRNA biomarkers, and boosted our awareness of the role of miRNAs and the development of pharmaceutical preparation aimed at it. Results These miRNAs manifested aberrant expression variation between matched control and OP cases, they mainly draw upon the Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, and Notch pathways to perform signal delivery, mediating the osteogenesis, adipogenesis, the balance of these two kinds of differentiated conversion, the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, stemness, and senescence of BMSCs, and biological ongoing of chondrocytes and osteoclasts. In addition, the treatment based on miRNAs of in vitro trials in combination with animal models defined the application of miRNA-linked therapy. Conclusion This paper accorded proof of miRNAs as screening tools, confirmation guidance, treatment means, and prediction indicators of OP, paved the emerging road for clinical practice, and pushed the development of personalized remedies that break through regular remedies.