MicroRNA transcriptome analysis of poly I:C-stimulated and PRRSV-infected porcine alveolar macrophages

Wu, Jianliang; Ji, Ziyun; Qiao, Mu; Peng, Xianwen; Wu, Huayu; Zhong-xu, Song; Zhao, Haizhong; Liu, Guisheng; Li, Fenge; Mei, Shuqi

doi:10.1007/s13353-019-00500-3

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Similar to the miRNAs as described above, gga-miR-27b-3p enhanced the mRNA expressions of STAT1, STAT3 and STAT6, increased the phosphorylation of STAT1 and enhanced the I-IFN expression via targeting two cellular suppressors of SOCS3 and SOCS6, suppressing IBDV replication in DF-1 cells (Figure 1) [22]. Likewise, ssc-miR-27b-3p significantly decreased the PRRSV replication in MARC-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) [109]. In the murine cytomegalovirus-infected mouse cell line, both mmu-miR-27b-3p and mmu-miR-27a-3p (a close homolog of mmu-miR-27b-3p (20/21 nucleotide identity)) exert an antiviral function upon over-expression [110].…”

Section: Gga-mir-27b-3pmentioning

confidence: 65%

Role of MicroRNAs in Host Defense against Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) Infection: A Hidden Front Line

Zheng

2020

Viruses

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Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive avian disease caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in the understanding of the pathogenesis of IBDV infection and the host response, including apoptosis, autophagy and the inhibition of innate immunity. Not only a number of host proteins interacting with or targeted by viral proteins participate in these processes, but microRNAs (miRNAs) are also involved in the host response to IBDV infection. If an IBDV–host interaction at the protein level is taken imaginatively as the front line of the battle between invaders (pathogens) and defenders (host cells), their fight at the RNA level resembles the hidden front line. miRNAs are a class of non-coding single-stranded endogenous RNA molecules with a length of approximately 22 nucleotides (nt) that play important roles in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Insights into the roles of viral proteins and miRNAs in host response will add to the understanding of the pathogenesis of IBDV infection. The interaction of viral proteins with cellular targets during IBDV infection were previously well-reviewed. This review focuses mainly on the current knowledge of the host response to IBDV infection at the RNA level, in particular, of the nine well-characterized miRNAs that affect cell apoptosis, the innate immune response and viral replication.

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Section: Gga-mir-27b-3pmentioning

confidence: 65%

Role of MicroRNAs in Host Defense against Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) Infection: A Hidden Front Line

Zheng

2020

Viruses

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“…1 b ) that typify action via oligomerization and signaling via downstream protein aggregation rather than association with Dicer and action via siRNAs. Importantly, there is growing evidence that virus–host interactions involve other classes of small RNAs including Dicer- and AGO-dependent microRNAs (miRNAs) ( Bernier and Sagan 2018 ) and several studies in chordates suggested differential expression of host miRNAs in response to poly(I:C) ( Wang et al 2016 ; Zhang et al 2017 ; Singaravelu et al 2019 ; Wu et al 2019 ). We have recently demonstrated that the cargo of AGO1 is restricted to miRNAs, whereas AGO2 can carry both miRNAs and siRNAs ( Fridrich et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Characterization of the Cnidarian Antiviral Immune Response Reveals Ancestral Complexity

Lewandowska

Sharoni

Admoni

et al. 2021

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Animals evolved a broad repertoire of innate immune sensors and downstream effector cascades for defense against RNA viruses. Yet, this system varies greatly among different bilaterian animals, masking its ancestral state. In this study we aimed to characterize the antiviral immune response of the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis and decipher the function of the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) known to detect viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in bilaterians, but activate different antiviral pathways in vertebrates and nematodes. We show that polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), a mimic of long viral dsRNA and a primary ligand for the vertebrate RLR melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), triggers a complex antiviral immune response bearing features distinctive for both vertebrate and invertebrate systems. Importantly, a well-characterized agonist of the vertebrate RIG-I receptor does not induce a significant transcriptomic response that bears signature of the antiviral immune response, which experimentally supports the results of a phylogenetic analysis indicating clustering of the two N. vectensis RLR paralogs (NveRLRa and NveRLRb) with MDA5. Furthermore, the results of affinity assays reveal that NveRLRb binds poly(I:C) and long dsRNA and its knockdown impairs the expression of putative downstream effector genes including RNA interference (RNAi) components. Our study provides for the first time the functional evidence for the conserved role of RLRs in initiating immune response to dsRNA that originated before the cnidarian-bilaterian split and lay a strong foundation for future research on the evolution of the immune responses to RNA viruses.

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“…1b) that typify action via oligomerization rather than association with Dicer. Importantly, there is growing evidence that virus-host interactions involve other classes of small RNAs including Dicerand AGO-dependent microRNAs (miRNAs) 64 and several studies in chordates suggested differential expression of host miRNAs in response to poly(I:C) [65][66][67][68] . We have recently demonstrated that the cargo of NveAGO1 is restricted to miRNAs, whereas NveAGO2 can carry both miRNAs and siRNAs 69 The results of NveRLRb KD indicate that there are likely alternative immune cascades triggered by poly(I:C) administration which might be initiated by other dsRNA sensors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional characterization of the cnidarian antiviral immune response reveals ancestral complexity

Lewandowska

Sharoni

Admoni

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Animals developed a broad repertoire of innate immune sensors and downstream effector cascades for defense against RNA viruses. Yet, this system highly varies between different bilaterian animals, masking its ancestral state. In this study we aimed to characterize the antiviral immune response of the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis and decipher the function of the retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors (RLRs) known to detect viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in bilaterians, but activate different antiviral pathways in vertebrates and nematodes. We show that a mimic of long viral dsRNA triggers a complex antiviral immune response bearing features distinctive for both vertebrate and invertebrate systems. Furthermore, the results of affinity assays and knockdown experiments provide functional evidence for the conserved role of RLRs in initiating immune response to dsRNA that originated before the cnidarian-bilaterian split and lay a strong foundation for future research on the evolution of the immune responses to RNA viruses.

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MicroRNA transcriptome analysis of poly I:C-stimulated and PRRSV-infected porcine alveolar macrophages

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Role of MicroRNAs in Host Defense against Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) Infection: A Hidden Front Line

Role of MicroRNAs in Host Defense against Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) Infection: A Hidden Front Line

Functional Characterization of the Cnidarian Antiviral Immune Response Reveals Ancestral Complexity

Functional characterization of the cnidarian antiviral immune response reveals ancestral complexity

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