MicroRNAs in type 2 immunity

Spotlight on microRNAs in allergy and asthma

“…1,2 Among other mechanisms, small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have found themselves in the role of central regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression. The details of miRNA molecular function, biogenesis, and processing have been thoroughly described in several reviews [1][2][3][4] and presented briefly in Figure 1. It should be highlighted that in mammalian cells miRNAs often initiate mRNA deadenylation followed by degradation of their target genes via imperfect binding to the 3′ untranslated regions of mRNAs.…”

“…Other examples of clinical sampling that would allow for the identification of miRNAs in asthma, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis are illustrated [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] systems, such as cell culture and mouse models, has furthered our knowledge of the mechanistic role of miRNAs in airway hyper-reactivity, allergy and immune responses. 2,4,[11][12][13] Research into the role of miRNAs in allergy is expanding and many potential players have been identified in laboratory studies, but their actual role in human disease remains poorly understood. This review highlights the recent steps toward a better understanding of the role of miRNAs in allergic diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma.…”

“…The importance of miRNA regulation in the pathogenesis of the aforementioned allergic diseases is supported by many studies, but also in other allergic diseases such as food allergy or chronic rhinosinusitis the evidence for a role of miRNAs is emerging. 4,10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Figure 2 provides an overview of miRNAs in cells and tissues that are associated with allergic diseases presented herein.…”

Spotlight on microRNAs in allergy and asthma

“…Other examples of clinical sampling that would allow for the identification of miRNAs in asthma, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis are illustrated figure systems, such as cell culture and mouse models, has furthered our knowledge of the mechanistic role of miRNAs in airway hyper-reactivity, allergy and immune responses. 2,4,[11][12][13] Research into the role of miRNAs in allergy is expanding and many potential players have been identified in laboratory studies, but their actual role in human disease remains poorly understood.…”

MicroRNA-155 expression suggests a sex disparity in innate lymphoid cells at the single-cell level

“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, thereby serving as important cellular regulators. 1 However, miRNA expression in specific human cellular subtypes, especially at the single-cell level, remains largely unexplored. In this study, a novel method called the PrimeFlow™ RNA Assay 2 was used to directly monitor miRNA expression in the cell.…”