Microspore and pollen development in six male-sterile mutants of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Dawson, J. M.; Wilson, Zoe A.; Aarts, M.N.C.; Braithwaite, A. F.; Briarty, L. G.; Mulligan, B. J.

doi:10.1139/b93-072

Cited by 103 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In some male-sterile mutants, the pollen is fully viable and the failure of pollination and fertilization is attributable solely to the fact that anther dehiscence does not occur (Dawson et al, 1993). Other male-sterile plants, in which pollen death results from selective destruction of the tapetum, are able to undergo anther dehiscence normally (Mariani et al, 1990).…”

Section: Dlscusslonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We cannot rule out the possibility that jasmonate affects dehiscence only through its actions in pollen maturation. However, in light of the findings of Mariani et al (1990) and Dawson et al (1993), it is more likely that jasmonate performs (at least) two separate signaling functions during flower development. One is to ensure the maturation of viable pollen.…”

Section: Dlscusslonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Critical Requirement for Linolenic Acid Is Pollen Development, Not Photosynthesis, in an Arabidopsis Mutant.

1996

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The very high proportlons of trlenolc fatty acids found in chloroplast membranes of all higher plants suggest that these llpld otructurtis mlght be essentlal for photosynthasis. We report here on the productisn of Arabidopsis triple mutants that contaln negllglble levels of trlenolc fatty acids. Photosynthesls at 22OC was barely affected, and vegetative growth of the mutants was ldentlcal wlth that of tha wlld type, dm"StratIng that any requlrement for trienoic acyl groups in membrane structure and functlon 1s relatively subtle. Although vegetative growth and development were unaffected, the triple mutants are male sterlle and produce no seed under normal conditlons. Comparisons of psllen development In wlld-type and triple mutant flowersestablished that pallan gralns in the mutant develeped to the tslcellular stege. Exogenous applicatlens of a-llnolenata or jasmonate restered fertlllty. T a k n tsgether, the results demonstrate that the critical role of trlenolc acids ln tha llfe cycle of plants 1s as the precursor of sxylipln, a signallng compound that regulates final maturatlon processes and the release of pollen. INTRODUCTIONThe biophysical reactions of light harvesting and electron transport during photosynthesis take place in a uniquely constructed bilayer membrane, the thylakoid. In all photosynthetic eukaryotes, the complement of atypical glyceralipid molecules that form the foundation of this membrane are characterized by sugar headgroups and avery high leve1 of unsaturation in the fatty acid chains, which compose the central portion of the thylakoid lamella bilayer. For example, menogalactosyldiacylglycerol, the major thylakoid lipid, typically contains >90% af a-linolenic acid (183) er a combination of 183 and hexadecatrienoic (163) acids, depending on the plant species (Jamieson and Reid, 1971). These very high levels of trienoic fatty asids are noteworthy because free radicals that are byproducts of the photosynthetic llght reactions stimulate oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Because this oxidation might be expected ta medlate against a high degree of unsaturation, it has been inferred that there is a strong selective advantage to having such high levels of trienoic fatty acids in the thylakoid. Therefore, it could be reasoned that these lipid structures must have some critical role in maintaining photosynthetic functlon.To test this line of reasoning directly, we set out to develop Arabldopsis llnes with reduced levels of 18:3 and 163 fatty acids. There are two dlstinct pathways in plant 6811s for the biosynthesis of glycerolipids Rnd the associated praduction To whom correspondence should be addressed. of polyunsaturated fatty acids (Roughan et al., 1980;Browse and Somerville, 1991). 60th pathways are initiated by the synthesis of 16:O-acyl carrier protein (ACP) and 18:l-ACP by the combined action of a type II fatty acid synthase (Shimakata and Stumpf, 1982) and a soluble stearoyl-ACP desaturase (McKeon and Stumpf, 1982;Shanklin and Somerville, 1991) located in the chloroplasts or other p...

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Section: Dlscusslonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dlscusslonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Critical Requirement for Linolenic Acid Is Pollen Development, Not Photosynthesis, in an Arabidopsis Mutant.

1996

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“…The recessive male sterile mutant ms35 was generated in our laboratory by Xray mutagenesis of Ler seeds (Dawson et al, 1993). The experiments reported in this paper were carried out with ms35 plants that had been backcrossed at least three times to the wild-type.…”

Section: Plants and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants homozygous for the ms35 mutation are male sterile and fully female fertile with the mutant gene showing normal Mendelian inheritance (Dawson et al, 1993). The growth rate and morphological features of ms35 plants and wild-type (Ler) Arabidopsis are indistinguishable under a variety of growth regimes.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and genetic mapping of a mutation (ms35) which prevents anther dehiscence in Arabidopsis thaliana by affecting secondary wall thickening in the endothecium

et al. 1999

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The male sterile mutant, ms35, of Arabidopsis thaliana was produced by X-irradiation of seeds. The mutant produces fertile pollen, but is male sterile because the anthers do not dehisce. Anther development in ms35 plants occurs as in wild-type Arabidopsis until shortly after microspores are released from meiotic tetrads. Thereafter, in the wild type, bands of lignified, cellulosic secondary wall thickenings are laid down around the cells of the anther endothecium. In contrast, wall thickenings are not formed in the endothecium of the ms35 mutant. Development of other lignified tissues, for example the vascular tissue of the stamen, occurs normally in ms35 plants. In mutant anthers, as pollen maturation is completed, the stomium is cleaved but the anther wall does not retract to release pollen. The block in anther dehiscence in ms35 plants is specifically correlated with the absence of endothecial wall thickenings. The ms35 mutation represents the first genetic evidence in support of the proposed role of the endothecium in anther dehiscence. The ms35 gene was mapped to the top arm of chromosome 3 (hy2-(4.17p 2.31 cM)-ms35-(32.14p5.45 cM)-gl1).

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“…Genetic analyses have led to the isolation of several mutants with distinct defects in stamen development (Dawson et al, 1993;Sanders et al, 1999;Schiefthaler et al, 1999;Yang et al, 1999;Canales et al, 2002;Zhao et al, 2002;Reddy et al, 2003;Sorensen et al, 2003;Steiner-Lange et al, 2003;Albrecht et al, 2005). Cloning of the genes affected in these mutants resulted in the identification of key regulators of stamen formation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Global Expression Profiling Applied to the Analysis of Arabidopsis Stamen Development

et al. 2007

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To obtain detailed information about gene expression during stamen development in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), we compared, by microarray analysis, the gene expression profile of wild-type inflorescences to those of the floral mutants apetala3, sporocyteless/nozzle, and male sterile1 (ms1), in which different aspects of stamen formation are disrupted. These experiments led to the identification of groups of genes with predicted expression at early, intermediate, and late stages of stamen development. Validation experiments using in situ hybridization confirmed the predicted expression patterns. Additional experiments aimed at characterizing gene expression specifically during microspore formation. To this end, we compared the gene expression profiles of wild-type flowers of distinct developmental stages to those of the ms1 mutant. Computational analysis of the datasets derived from this experiment led to the identification of genes that are likely involved in the control of key developmental processes during microsporogenesis. We also identified a large number of genes whose expression is prolonged in ms1 mutant flowers compared to the wild type. This result suggests that MS1, which encodes a putative transcriptional regulator, is involved in the stage-specific repression of these genes. Lastly, we applied reverse genetics to characterize several of the genes identified in the microarray experiments and uncovered novel regulators of microsporogenesis, including the transcription factor MYB99 and a putative phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase.

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Microspore and pollen development in six male-sterile mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 103 publications

References 38 publications

The Critical Requirement for Linolenic Acid Is Pollen Development, Not Photosynthesis, in an Arabidopsis Mutant.

The Critical Requirement for Linolenic Acid Is Pollen Development, Not Photosynthesis, in an Arabidopsis Mutant.

Characterization and genetic mapping of a mutation (ms35) which prevents anther dehiscence in Arabidopsis thaliana by affecting secondary wall thickening in the endothecium

Global Expression Profiling Applied to the Analysis of Arabidopsis Stamen Development

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