Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Low-Alloy, Medium-Carbon Steels After Multiple Tempering

Abbasi, Elahe; Luo, Quanshun; Owens, Dave

doi:10.1007/s40195-018-0805-6

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Mechanical properties, such as yield strength, tensile strength, and hardness, usually decrease during tempering. However, toughness and elongation increase with increasing tempering temperature [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. In medium carbon steels alloyed with chrome and silicon, increasing strength was found for tempering at 350 °C [ 14 ], whereas alloying with manganese and silicon causes this effect in the tensile test temperature range from 200 to 250 °C [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 1.5 wt% Copper Addition and Various Contents of Silicon on Mechanical Properties of 1.7102 Medium Carbon Steel

et al. 2021

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Requirements for mechanical properties of steels are constantly increasing, and the combination of quenching and tempering is the method generally chosen for achieving high strength in medium carbon steels. This study examines the influence of various silicon contents from 1.06 to 2.49 wt% and the addition of copper (1.47 wt%) on the behavior of 1.7102 steel starting with the as-quenched state and ending with the tempered condition at the temperature of 500 °C. The microstructure was characterized by SEM and TEM, the phase composition and dislocation density were studied by XRD analysis, and mechanical properties were assessed by tensile and hardness testing, whereas tempered martensite embrittlement was assessed using Charpy impact test and the activation energy of carbide precipitation was determined by dilatometry. The benefit of copper consists in the improvement of reduction of area by tempering between 150 and 300 °C. The increase in strength due to copper precipitation occurs upon tempering at 500 °C, where strength is generally low due to a drop in dislocation density and changes in microstructure. The increasing content of silicon raises strength and dislocation density in steels, but the plastic properties of steel are limited. It was found that the silicon content of 1.5 wt% is optimum for the materials under study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 1.5 wt% Copper Addition and Various Contents of Silicon on Mechanical Properties of 1.7102 Medium Carbon Steel

et al. 2021

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“…Under elevated temperatures, carbides decompose and carbon atoms dissolve in the austenite grains. Since austenite transforms completely into martensite after cooling, subsequently the HAZs show much higher hardness due to higher content of carbon in martensite at room temperature [20]. After PWHT, the microhardness of HAZs decreases significantly and gets closer to the base metal (about 250 HV).…”

Section: Microhardness Of the Hazs Of Simp11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Toughness of Heat-Affected Zones of 11Cr Heat-Resistant Steels

Jianxin

et al. 2020

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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Aiming at the requirements of structural steel in Gen-IV nuclear reactor, the high-chromium martensitic heat-resistant steels containing 10-12% chromium were developed. The toughness of heat-affected zones (HAZs) is one of the important factors for evaluating the weldability of steels. In this paper, the simulated HAZs were fabricated using tempered SIMP steels. The effects of microstructures on the impact toughness of materials were analyzed using Vickers hardness tester, optical microscope, transmission electron microscope. Experimental results demonstrated that the HAZs of weldment were poor in toughness, much lower than that of the base metal. However, after experiencing post-weld heat treatment, the toughness of the HAZs increased greatly. The toughness became better in terms of CG-HAZ, FG-HAZ and IC-HAZ for the two steels, regardless of as-welded or after PWHT. Compared with SIMP7 steel, chemical compositions, such as C, Si, Mn and Cr, were adjusted to a lower content; the toughness of base metal and simulated HAZs was better in the case of SIMP11. The conjunct roles of dislocation density and carbon contents retained in the martensite led to poor impact toughness of the aswelded HAZs, because dislocations and carbon atoms affected the inner stresses within lattices.

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“…In order to apply the EICAST system to the production processes of all steel grades, it is necessary to adjust the height and location of the blocking layer by other methods. Chemical composition of alloy particles has a great influence on its microstructure and physical properties [22,23]. With the change of alloy composition, the thermophysical properties of filling alloy particles will also change significantly.…”

Section: Effect Of the Alloy Composition On The Height And Location Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence Factors Analysis of Fe–C Alloy Blocking Layer in the Electromagnetic Induction-Controlled Automated Steel Teeming Technology

Wang

et al. 2019

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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In the electromagnetic induction-controlled automated steel teeming (EICAST) technology of ladle, the height and location of the blocking layer are critical factors to determine the structure size and installation location of induction coil. And, they are also the key parameters affecting the successful implementation of this new technology. In this paper, the influence of the liquid steel temperature, the holding time and the alloy composition on the height and location of the blocking layer were studied by numerical simulation. The simulation results were verified by 40 t ladle industrial experiments. Moreover, the regulation approach of the blocking layer was determined, and the determination process of coil size and its installation location were also analyzed. The results show that the location of the blocking layer moves down with the increase in the liquid steel temperature and the holding time. The height of the blocking layer decreases with the increase in the liquid steel temperature; however, it increases with the increase in the holding time. The height and location of the blocking layer can be largely adjusted by changing the alloy composition of filling particles in the upper nozzle. When the liquid steel temperature is 1550 °C, the holding time is 180 min and the alloy composition is confirmed, the melting layer height is 120 mm, and the blocking layer height is 129 mm, which are beneficial to design and installation of induction coil. These results are very important for the industrial implementation of the EICAST technology.

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Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Low-Alloy, Medium-Carbon Steels After Multiple Tempering

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of 1.5 wt% Copper Addition and Various Contents of Silicon on Mechanical Properties of 1.7102 Medium Carbon Steel

Effect of 1.5 wt% Copper Addition and Various Contents of Silicon on Mechanical Properties of 1.7102 Medium Carbon Steel

Impact Toughness of Heat-Affected Zones of 11Cr Heat-Resistant Steels

Influence Factors Analysis of Fe–C Alloy Blocking Layer in the Electromagnetic Induction-Controlled Automated Steel Teeming Technology

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