Microstructural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of low-temperature sintering Pb(Co1/2W1/2)O3–Pb(Mn1/2Nb2/3)O3–Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 ceramics with the addition of Li2CO3 and Bi2O3

Effects of glass additions on high pyroelectric response of low-temperature sintered Pb0.87Ba0.1La0.02(Zr0.7Sn0.24Ti0.06)O3 antiferroelectric ceramics

“…So far, several sintering aids have been reported to reduce the sintering temperature, including CuO, LiBiO 2 , PbO, etc. [10,[15][16][17][18][19][20]. In this paper, the investigation was to reduce the sintering temperature of PZST based antiferroelectric ceramics without degrading the electrical properties of the ceramics.…”

Effect of CuO on the sintering temperature and piezoelectric properties of MnO2-doped 0.75Pb(Zr0.47Ti0.53)O3–0.25Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics

“…Pb(Zr 1−x Ti x )O 3 (PZT)-based piezoelectric materials have been used in high power devices [8][9][10][11]. In particular, Pb(Mn 1/2 Nb 2/3 )O 3 and Pb(Fe 2/3 W 1/3 )O 3 or CeO 2 additives are often used to increase the Q m value of the PZT-based materials up to 2000 [12,13]. However, the high sintering temperature of these ceramics approximately 1100 • C necessitates the use of expensive Ag-Pd metal for the electrode rather than cheap Ag for application to multilayer devices.…”

“…However, the high sintering temperature of these ceramics approximately 1100 • C necessitates the use of expensive Ag-Pd metal for the electrode rather than cheap Ag for application to multilayer devices. Therefore, Li 2 CO 3 , BiFeO 3 , LiBiO 2 , and CuO additives have been used to lower the sintering temperature [12,[14][15][16]. However, such additives degraded the piezoelectric properties.…”

Application of Ag–ceramic composite electrodes to low firing piezoelectric multilayer ceramic actuators

“…Therefore there is ample necessity to explore inexpensive conducting materials as an internal electrode for low cost and low firing MLCA [9]. Low temperature sintering has been attempted using a wide variety of methods: sol-gel method [10], hot-pressing in oxygen [11], fine powders prepared by high energy ball-milling [12], and low melting sintering aids such as LiBiO 2 , Li 2 CO 3 , and so on [13,14]. Ternary Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (abbreviated as PMNZT) ceramics exhibit high piezoelectric constants near the morphotropic phase boundary.…”