Microstructural evolution of syntaxial veins formed by advective flow

Hilgers, Christoph; Dilg-Gruschinski, Karin; Urai, János L.

doi:10.1130/g20024.1

Cited by 58 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The texture of younger V1 veins suggests the transport of fluid along an open fracture resulting in a blocky vein microstructure combined with a decrease of growth rate and increase of the grain size towards the center of the vein (Hilgers et al 2004;Hilgers & Sindern 2005). The observed orientation of veins corresponds to the major system of faults in this area that formed during the Late Miocene ( Fig.…”

Section: The Growth Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of Syntectonic Hydrothermal Veins in the Igneous Rock of Teschenite Association (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic): Growth Mechanism and Origin of Fluids

Urubek¹,

Dolníček²,

Kropáč³

2015

Geologica Carpathica

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Hydrothermal mineralization hosted by the Lower Cretaceous igneous rock of the teschenite association at Jasenice (Silesian Unit, Flysch Belt, Outer Western Carpathians) occurs in two morphological types -irregular vein filled by granular calcite and regular composite vein formed by both fibrous and granular calcite and minor chlorite, quartz, and pyrite. Crosscutting evidence indicates that the granular veins are younger than the composite vein. The composite vein was formed by two mechanisms at different times. The arrangement of solid inclusions in the marginal fibrous zone suggests an episodic growth by the crack-seal mechanism during syntectonic deformation which was at least partially driven by tectonic suction pump during some stages of the Alpine Orogeny. Both the central part of the composite vein and monomineral veins developed in a brittle regime. In these cases, the textures of vein suggest the flow of fluids along an open fracture. The parent fluids of both types of vein are characterized by low temperatures (Th =66-163 °C), low salinities (0.4 to 3.4 wt. % NaCl eq.), low content of strong REE-complexing ligands, and δ 18 O and δ 13 C ranges of + 0.2/+12.5 ‰ SMOW and -11.8/-14.1 ‰ PDB, respectively. The parent fluids are interpreted as the results of mixing of residual seawater and diagenetic waters produced by dewatering of clay minerals in the associated flysch sediments. The flow of fluids was controlled by tectonic deformation of the host rock.

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Section: The Growth Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of Syntectonic Hydrothermal Veins in the Igneous Rock of Teschenite Association (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic): Growth Mechanism and Origin of Fluids

Urubek¹,

Dolníček²,

Kropáč³

2015

Geologica Carpathica

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“…(4) as follows: Figure 4 shows the relationship between the logarithm of the growth rates for K-alum and the logarithm of relative supersaturation. These growth rates include the present experimental result and the rate data from Onuma et al, 13) Mullin, 11) and Hilgers et al 10,14) Experimental data for the logarithm of ranging from À1 to À0:5 has not been collected so far; therefore, the present study has added new data within this range. In addition, Fig.…”

Section: Growth Rate Of K-alummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These small crystals began to nucleate within the first 2 hours. After 28 This study Hilgers et al 10) = 11% Fig. 3 Relationship between log R and log U at ¼ 11%.…”

Section: Growth Rate Of K-alummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the growth rates were too low to produce grains that have enough size to study the details of microstructural evolution. Therefore, Hilgers et al 10) conducted analogous experiments using potassium alum (K-alum) in order to allow real-time observation at reasonable time scales, and discussed the microstructural evolution of veins formed by advective flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…K-alum was used as an analogue material, as in the experiments of Hilgers et al, 10) and constant fluid flow experiments of K-alum were conducted under advective supersaturation conditions. We also discuss the relationship between the growth rate of K-alum and the linear flow velocity, the change in water pressure during crystallization of K-alum, and the difference between the time necessary for sealing calculated from the growth rate law of K-alum and the time necessary for sealing based on the change in water pressure measured experimentally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Water-Pathway Sealing by Crystallization under Advective Supersaturated Solution Conditions

2008

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The objective of this study is to promote understanding of the structural evolution of fractures that affect the transport of contaminants in geological media. Highly soluble potassium alum was used as an analogue material, and was grown in an open fracture from a solvent transported by advection along the fracture, in order to observe decreases in the aperture of the fracture. In addition, the growth rate law of K-alum was experimentally determined based on the relationship between relative supersaturation and linear flow velocity. The sealing result was compared with simulations based on a simplified numerical model using the experimentally determined growth rate law, and it was found that the time necessary for sealing was longer for the simulation than for the experimental sealing. This discrepancy was explained by the additive growth rate of the original seed crystal and secondary crystals nucleated near the fixed seed crystal. Thus, it was shown that primary and/or secondary nucleation is an additional factor for prediction of the structural evolution of fractures in geological media.

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Microstructural evolution in bitaxial crack‐seal veins: A phase‐field study

2015

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Bitaxial crack sealing by epitaxial crystal growth is the most common vein‐forming process in Earth's crust, but the details of the microstructural processes in these are not well understood. Here we model the evolution of bitaxial crack‐seal quartz veins in two and three dimensions, using the phase‐field method. Our numerical simulations show the influence of different parameters, such as the obliquity of crack opening and crack location, grain size, and orientations on the evolving vein microstructure. We examine the underlying growth competition observed during epitaxial growth of quartz. Results show many similarities with natural microstructures such as stretched crystals and compare well with the previous numerical findings. As the ratio of crack aperture and matrix grain size for the present studies is chosen to be sufficiently large for growth competition to occur before complete sealing, it leads to the formation of crystal fragments along the crack‐opening trajectory. We explain how such fragment trails act as potential indicators of the opening of crack‐seal veins, if they are confirmed to be common in natural microstructures. Finally, we highlight the importance of accounting for the third dimension in the numerical simulations by analyzing the evolution of fluid connectivity in 2‐D and 3‐D during the sealing process.

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Microstructural evolution of syntaxial veins formed by advective flow

Cited by 58 publications

References 24 publications

Genesis of Syntectonic Hydrothermal Veins in the Igneous Rock of Teschenite Association (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic): Growth Mechanism and Origin of Fluids

Genesis of Syntectonic Hydrothermal Veins in the Igneous Rock of Teschenite Association (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic): Growth Mechanism and Origin of Fluids

Water-Pathway Sealing by Crystallization under Advective Supersaturated Solution Conditions

Microstructural evolution in bitaxial crack‐seal veins: A phase‐field study

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