Microstructural Observation on Materials of the Japanese Sword under Fold-Forging Process

Takami, Go; Ohba, Takayoshi; Morito, Shigekazu; Das, Abhimanyu

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.134

Cited by 6 publications

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“…However, the microstructure observation found the presence of micron-sized inclusions, which were reported as SiO 2 in a previous study. 26) In order to explain the abnormal grain growth in the old sword, careful analyses on chemical composition of the steel and inclusion phases are required. Based on the PAM solely, it is possible to conclude that the heating temperature of the old sword must be higher than 800°C, because of the presence of coarse £ grains.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Heating Temperature Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Reconstruction Approach to Characterization of Prior-Austenite Microstructure in Various Japanese Swords

et al. 2015

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Each Japanese sword is unique by its microstructure resulted by the steel composition and heat treatment. In this study, the automatic reconstruction method was applied for characterizing the prior-austenite microstructure at the sharp edge of three Japanese swords made in different time periods. The reconstructed prior-austenite microstructure was compared with that of three carbon steels, in order to clarify the variations of carbon content and heating temperatures of the swords. It was found that in carbon steels, the austenite microstructure is probably affected by initial microstructures, which is predominantly determined by carbon content. The three swords have similar carbon content, but their prior-austenite microstructures are considerably different, probably due to their heating temperatures. The strength at the sharp edge of the modern sword is significantly higher than that of the old sword. It may be due to the fine-grained prior-austenite in the modern sword compared with the abnormally coarse grains observed in the old sword. In order to obtain fine-grained austenite along with high strength and hardness of the cutting edge, it is recommended that the carbon content of Japanese sword is 0.60.7 mass%, and the heating temperature is from 750 to 800°C.

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Section: Evaluation Of the Heating Temperature Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Reconstruction Approach to Characterization of Prior-Austenite Microstructure in Various Japanese Swords

et al. 2015

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“…Beberapa jenis senjata yang telah ditemukan dibuat dengan cara yang beragam serta dengan berbagai jenis material. Material yang banyak digunakan diantaranya adalah baja Nam-Phe [2], Baja Tatara [3], baja Tamahakana [4], dan Baja Damaskus [5]. Salah satu material yang banyak digunakan adalah baja karbon tinggi kode AISI O1, yang mana material ini memiliki sifat mampu dikuatkan dengan proses hardening.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Teknik Tempa Lipat Terhadap Perubahan Sifat Mekanik Material AISI O1 Pada Pembuatan Pisau Tanto

Latief

Sayuti

Windujati

2021

JREM

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ABSTRAKTanto merupakan senjata tajam yang berasal dari Jepang dan merupakan senjata kedua bagi para Samurai di Jepang. Tanto biasa terbuat dari baja karbon menengah hingga baja karbon tinggi yang. Material baja yang digunakan untuk pembuatan Tanto dalam penelitian ini adalah baja AISI seri O1 karena memiliki karakteristik sifat mampu bentuk yang baik serat dapat dikuatkan melalui proses heat treatment. Material baja ini dibuat dengan proses tempa lipat dengan variasi tempa empat lipatan dan satu lipatan. Pembuatan Tanto dan spesimen uji dilakukan dengan proses tempa lipat secara konvensional menggunakan tungku arang, dengan temperatur tempa rata-rata yaitu ±1200oC, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan quenching pada temperatur ± 850oC, serta tempering pada temperatur ±250oC. Penelitian ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari proses tempa empat lipatan dan tempa satu lipatan terhadap sifat mekanik, yaitu kekerasan dan kekuatan impak serta untuk melihat perubahan pada struktur mikro. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kekerasan paling tinggi sebesar41HRC yang dimiliki oleh pada raw material, ,sedangkan nilai impak paling tinggi sebesar 224,02 Joule/cm² ayng dicapai oleh material dengan proses tempa empat lipatan, Fasa akhir yang ditemukan pada baja tempa empat lipatan adalah bainit dan martensit, sementara perlit dan ferit ditemukan pada baja satu lipatan, dan lath martensit ditemukan pada pada raw material Kata kunci: Pisau Tanto, Tempa lipat ,Quenching, Tempering, Uji Impak ABSTRACT Tanto is a sharp weapon originating from Japan and is the second weapon for Samurai in Japan. Tanto is usually made of medium carbon steel to high carbon steel. The material which is used in this research is AISI O1 series steel because of its high ability to be formed and also can be made tough through a heat treatment process. This steel is made by folding forge process, with variation in number of folding, which is 4 folds and 1 fold. The making of Tanto and test specimens was carried out by conventional fold forging processes by using a charcoal furnace, with an average forging temperature at ± 1200oC, continue with quenching at ± 850oC, and tempering at ± 250oC. The research is carried out in order to determine the effect of the four-folds forging and one-fold forging to the mechanical behavior, which are hardness and impact strength, and also to see change in its micro structure. The test that have been carried out shows that the highest hardness value of 41 HRC owned by raw material, while the highest impact value of 224.02 Joules / cm² obtained by material with four layer forging process. Final phases that found in the four-fold forged steel are bainite and martensite, pearlite and ferrite found in one-fold forged steel. and lath martensite in found in the raw material. Keywords: Tanto Knife, Folding Forging, Quenching, Tempering, Testing, Impact Tests

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“…The fold forging process applied in this work was adapted from the Samurai sword making technique [6,22], as depicted in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Fold Forging Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other parts of the world, swords have been differently made, in which other various types of material such as Tatara steel [2][3][4][5], Tamahakana steel [6], Damascus steel [7] were used. According to documentations and archeological researches, many traditional ways for producing swords have been available, for example Japanese Samurai technique [2][3][4][5][6], Eastern Damascus technique, Welded Damascus technique [8][9][10], etc. It was reported that Japanese swords have a long history more than a thousand years, in which Japanese sword smiths have their own special techniques to produce the swords [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fold-Forging Techniques for Sword Making Process on Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Steel

Paveebunvipak¹,

Yu-on²,

Rotpaisarnkit³

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The most important procedure for making a traditional Samurai sword consists of metal forming at high temperature and subsequent quenching. Hereby, two specific techniques are additionally included, namely, fold-forging and mixing of different steel grades. In this work, both particular processes were applied to the steel grade AISI 1055, a conventional low carbon steel and the Nam-Phee steel, which has been commonly used to produce the well-known Nam-Phee sword for a long time in Thailand. Afterwards, mechanical properties of produced samples were investigated and compared. Four combinations between the examined steels and both techniques were taken into account. It was found that Nam-Phee steel samples subjected to the fold-forging obviously showed more homogenous and finer microstructure. Their resulting tensile strength, flexural strength and impact energy were significantly increased. The improved mechanical properties of the Nam-Phee specimens were close to those of the Tamahagane steel used for making Samurai sword. Moreover, AISI 1055 steel specimens mixed with the low carbon ductile steel as core exhibited much higher flexural strength and impact energy.

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Microstructural Observation on Materials of the Japanese Sword under Fold-Forging Process

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Automatic Reconstruction Approach to Characterization of Prior-Austenite Microstructure in Various Japanese Swords

Automatic Reconstruction Approach to Characterization of Prior-Austenite Microstructure in Various Japanese Swords

Pengaruh Teknik Tempa Lipat Terhadap Perubahan Sifat Mekanik Material AISI O1 Pada Pembuatan Pisau Tanto

Effect of Fold-Forging Techniques for Sword Making Process on Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Steel

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