Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Selective Laser‐Melted Al–Ti–Ni Coating on 90/10 Copper–Nickel Alloy

Abstract

Copper-nickel alloys are widely used as corrosion-resistant structural materials because of their good mechanical workability, resistance to chloride erosion, and effective resistance to fouling by microorganisms. Therefore, they are widely used in coastal power plants, desalination plants, pipeline structures, and deep-sea submergence equipment. [1] With the increasing demand for corrosion-resistant materials, enhancing the corrosion-resistant properties of copper-nickel alloys has received widespread attention, [2] and many techniques have been proposed to improve the corrosion resistance of copper-nickel alloys. [3][4][5] Constructing corrosion-resistant coatings for these types of alloys through surface modification is cost-effective, easily accomplished, and designed to enhance the material properties of the alloy. Surface modification methods include spraying, [6,7] electrodeposition, [8,9] electroless plating, [10,11] and microarc oxidation. [12] Coatings prepared by these surface modification techniques are thinner and exhibit better corrosion resistance, [13][14][15][16] but they may suffer from poor coating compactness or weak bonding between the coating and the alloy. [13,17] Compared with the surface modification technologies mentioned above, coatings prepared by laser treatment are characterized by high preparation efficiency, environmental friendliness, good bonding, and high density. [18] Yang et al. [19] investigated the effect of Cr addition on the corrosion resistance of CuAl10 coatings. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was improved because the addition of Cr promoted the formation of a passive film on the coatings, thus reducing the diffusion of Fe from the substrate to the coatings. Also, the passivation ability of the coatings increased with increasing Cr content. Jiao et al. [20] investigated the effect of different Ti additions in Ti15M powders on composite coatings prepared using laser cladding. The results showed that Ti promoted the nucleation of a liquid phase during solidification and that the addition of Ti resulted in a uniform hardness distribution and improved the friction and wear properties of the coatings. Hulka et al. [21] studied the effects of laser power and Ti content on composite coatings prepared from WC-Co/ NiCrBSi powders. When the power was 1600 W, the coating was dense, effectively reducing the diffusion of substrate elements into the cladding layer. When the Ti content was 20%, the cracking susceptibility of the coating was reduced and the hardness was improved. The addition of Ti also effectively improved the corrosion resistance of the composite coatings. Compared with conventional technologies, selective laser melting (SLM) is energy efficient and highly effective. In addition, desirable characteristics such as ultrafine grain organization and a supersaturated solid solution can be obtained using SLM owing to its controlled heating/cooling rate during laser energy input. [22,23] Owing to the complex geometrical processing characteristics of the SLM process...

Translation of nanotechnology-based implants for orthopedic applications: current barriers and future perspective

“…Nanomaterials have size-dependent characteristics that are not typically observed in large quantities of materials. The advancements in nanotechnology have opened up new possibilities for diverse applications in the fields of medicine ( Kaur et al, 2015 ; Rani et al, 2015 ; Liu et al, 2019 ), molecular biology ( Ulijn and Jerala, 2018 ; Kumar et al, 2020 ; Kumar et al, 2019a ), biotechnology ( Kumar et al, 2017 ; Rani et al, 2018 ), as well as environmental science ( Bhanjana et al, 2019 ; Kumar V. et al, 2019 ; Kumar et al, 2019b ; Castiglioni et al, 2017 ; Samanta et al, 2019 ; Gao et al, 2023 ). With the development of numerous modern techniques for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of multiple diseases, such as cancer treatment, drug delivery, medical imaging, scaffolds for tissue engineering, and immunotherapy, the use of nanotechnology in medicine (for instance, nanomedicine) has become more apparent.…”