Microstructure development of slag activated with sodium silicate solution: Experimental characterization and thermodynamic modeling

Caron, Richard; Patel, Ravi A.; Miron, George Dan; Galliard, Cassandre Le; Lothenbach, Barbara; Dehn, Frank

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106398

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The presence of hydrotalcite and gaylussite is also consistent with the literature [85,[99][100][101].…”

Section: Phase Developmentsupporting

confidence: 91%

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The Effects of Partial Replacement of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag by Ground Wood Ash on Alkali-Activated Binder Systems

Teker Ercan,

Cwirzen,

Habermehl-Cwirzen

2023

Materials

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Cement production contributes significantly to carbon dioxide emissions. Alkali-activated materials offer an environmentally friendly alternative due to their comparable strength, durability and low-carbon emissions while utilizing wastes and industrial by-products. Wood ash is a waste material that shows promising results as a partial replacement for Portland cement and precursors in alkali-activated systems. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of ground wood ash on the mechanical properties of alkali-activated mortars. Wood ash was incorporated as a 0 wt%, 10 wt% and 20 wt% partial replacement for ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). The wood ashes were ground in a planetary ball mill for 10 and 20 min. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were used as alkali activators. The results demonstrated that ground wood ash improved the mechanical properties of alkali-activated systems compared to untreated wood ash. However, the incorporation of wood ash increased the porosity of the binder matrix.

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“…The presence of hydrotalcite and gaylussite is also consistent with the literature [85,[99][100][101].…”

Section: Phase Developmentsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The formation of hydrotalcite mainly depends on the high-MgO content of GGBFS [99,102]. The formation of gaylussite might affect the compressive strength development of SCactivated samples [101].…”

Section: Phase Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Partial Replacement of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag by Ground Wood Ash on Alkali-Activated Binder Systems

Teker Ercan,

Cwirzen,

Habermehl-Cwirzen

2023

Materials

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“…The assumption that the degree of dissolution is around 50 % after 7 or 28 days is realistic for AAS concrete. Le Saoût et al found the value to be 52 % after 28 days [33], Bernal et al found values of 45, 58 and 79 % after 56 days for three different slags [34] and Caron et al [4] 48 % and 55 % after 28 days for two different alkali solutions with the same slag. However, it should be noted that the degree of dissolution strongly depends on the slag and on the alkali solution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐scale modeling for the prediction of Young's modulus of alkali‐activated slag concrete

Caron,

Patel,

Dehn

2023

ce papers

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Alkali‐activated slag is an alternative to ordinary Portland cement that can be used for structural applications. Young's modulus is an important property to predict stress or strains in concrete. However, the fib Model Code 2010 overestimates it for alkali‐activated slag concrete. Multi‐scale models allow the determination of concrete property from the features of the microstructure. In this study, an analytical micromechanics‐based multi‐scale homogenization model is applied to predict Young's modulus of alkali‐activated slag. It is compared to experimental results found in the literature on paste, mortar and concrete. Better predictions of Young's modulus are achieved from multiscale models compared to the fib MC 2010. Accuracy could be enhanced by improving the predictions for the degree of activation of slag for the different mixes.

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Comparison of thermogravimetry response of alkali-activated slag and Portland cement pastes after stopping their hydration using solvent exchange method

Bílek,

Švec,

Másilko

et al. 2024

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The critical step for any subsequent instrumental analysis of cementitious binders is to stop their hydration reactions, i.e., to remove free water. One of the most available techniques is a solvent exchange method. However, the solvents are known to be strongly bound in ordinary Portland cement (OPC) paste and alter the results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and sensitive hydrates, while their effect on TGA response of alkali-activated slag (AAS) has not been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to track the effects of fundamental aspects of the solvent exchange on the TGA response of AAS with different sodium activators (hydroxide, carbonate, waterglass) and to support these results by X-ray diffraction and effluent gas analysis. All solvents used (acetone, diethyl ether, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, and methanol) affected the TGA response of all tested pastes, and their effect was enhanced by prolonged immersion time. All solvents induced an additional mass loss at around 800 °C and, especially for OPC paste, increased in situ carbonation, even in an inert atmosphere. Methanol and ethanol had a detrimental effect on ettringite and decreased the basal distance of the C–(A)–S–H gel, while they only marginally affected gaylussite. For AAS, hydration stoppage by washing out the alkali-rich pore solution with water was also investigated and can usually be recommended (except for its detrimental effect on gaylussite), as it is more efficient than organic solvents, which lack solubility for activators. Methanol and ethanol are the most suitable alternatives, particularly for NaOH.

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Microstructure development of slag activated with sodium silicate solution: Experimental characterization and thermodynamic modeling

Cited by 7 publications

References 93 publications

The Effects of Partial Replacement of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag by Ground Wood Ash on Alkali-Activated Binder Systems

The Effects of Partial Replacement of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag by Ground Wood Ash on Alkali-Activated Binder Systems

Multi‐scale modeling for the prediction of Young's modulus of alkali‐activated slag concrete

Comparison of thermogravimetry response of alkali-activated slag and Portland cement pastes after stopping their hydration using solvent exchange method

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