Microstructured Hollow Fiber Membranes: Potential Fiber Shapes for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenators

Ecker, Paul; Pekovits, Markus; Yorov, Tsvetan; Haddadi, Bahram; Lukitsch, Benjamin; Elenkov, Martin; Janeczek, Christoph; Jordan, Christian; Gfoehler, Margit; Harasek, Michael

doi:10.3390/membranes11050374

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the future, it is necessary to develop next-generation membranes and systems with long-term durability suitable for treatment [ 31 ] of COVID-19 critically ill patients. Microstructured hollow fiber membranes that increase the gas exchange surface area were also proposed to improve oxygenator performance [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Microscopic Confirmation of Anisotropic Pore Characteristics for ECMO Membranes Theoretically Validating the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Permeation

et al. 2021

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The objective of this study is to clarify the pore structure of ECMO membranes by using our approach and theoretically validate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 permeation. There has not been any direct evidence for SARS-CoV-2 leakage through the membrane in ECMO support for critically ill COVID-19 patients. The precise pore structure of recent membranes was elucidated by direct microscopic observation for the first time. The three types of membranes, polypropylene, polypropylene coated with thin silicone layer, and polymethylpentene (PMP), have unique pore structures, and the pore structures on the inner and outer surfaces of the membranes are completely different anisotropic structures. From these data, the partition coefficients and intramembrane diffusion coefficients of SARS-CoV-2 were quantified using the membrane transport model. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 may permeate the membrane wall with the plasma filtration flow or wet lung. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 permeation is completely different due to each anisotropic pore structure. We theoretically demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 is highly likely to permeate the membrane transporting from the patient’s blood to the gas side, and may diffuse from the gas side outlet port of ECMO leading to the extra-circulatory spread of the SARS-CoV-2 (ECMO infection). Development of a new generation of nanoscale membrane confirmation is proposed for next-generation extracorporeal membrane oxygenator and system with long-term durability is envisaged.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Microscopic Confirmation of Anisotropic Pore Characteristics for ECMO Membranes Theoretically Validating the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Permeation

et al. 2021

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“…Hollow fiber membranes have been used as an oxygenator and are usually obtained via a phase inversion process [ 191 , 192 ]. The commonly used polymers for hollow fiber membranes are hydrophobic polymers, such as polymethylpentene (PMP), polypropylene (PP), PDMS, polysulfone (PSf), polyethersulfone (PES), polyethylene (PE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) [ 26 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 ].…”

Section: Biomedical Applications Of Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical Applications

2023

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Polymeric membranes are selective materials used in a wide range of applications that require separation processes, from water filtration and purification to industrial separations. Because of these materials’ remarkable properties, namely, selectivity, membranes are also used in a wide range of biomedical applications that require separations. Considering the fact that most organs (apart from the heart and brain) have separation processes associated with the physiological function (kidneys, lungs, intestines, stomach, etc.), technological solutions have been developed to replace the function of these organs with the help of polymer membranes. This review presents the main biomedical applications of polymer membranes, such as hemodialysis (for chronic kidney disease), membrane-based artificial oxygenators (for artificial lung), artificial liver, artificial pancreas, and membranes for osseointegration and drug delivery systems based on membranes.

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Oxygenators for extracorporeal circulation: theory and practice fundamentals for clinicians

Vandewiele¹,

Bouchez²

2023

Cardiopulmonary Bypass

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Microstructured Hollow Fiber Membranes: Potential Fiber Shapes for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenators

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Electron Microscopic Confirmation of Anisotropic Pore Characteristics for ECMO Membranes Theoretically Validating the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Permeation

Electron Microscopic Confirmation of Anisotropic Pore Characteristics for ECMO Membranes Theoretically Validating the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Permeation

Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical Applications

Oxygenators for extracorporeal circulation: theory and practice fundamentals for clinicians

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