Microstructuring using femtosecond pulsed laser ablation

Abstract

Hopes are high that such structures can be utilized in a mold to generate a rough surface that amplifies the hydrophobic properties of the material used in the replication process. The presented experiments are first steps towards a deeper understanding of the emergence of microstructures, the possible variations and the reproducibility thereof. The ripple structure is discussed for about 30 years, and the proposed models do not predict all experimental results. This research gives new experimental data on which the proposed models can be validated. The next section will present some of these models.

Fabrication of Micro/Nano Structures on Metals by Femtosecond Laser Micromachining

“…For all cases, the periodicity increased with increasing fluence [104]. In contrast, the effect of fluence on LIPSS spacing at normal incidence was not detected on SS304 by Groenendijik et al [71]. Thus, the authors suggested that fluence does not directly relate to the LIPSS spacing.…”

“…Chaotic and rugged structures were observed on Ti, SS304, SS316, and Cu [71,81]. It was observed that high fluences and high line overlap favour rugged-chaotic structures.…”

“…The effect of angle of incidence on LIPSS periodicity was studied for SS304, Pt, Au, and W with a linearly polarized 800 nm laser beam. The periodicity on SS304 was increased from 670 to 1400 nm and decreased from 670 to 350 nm by tilting the sample from 0° to 50° [71]. Similarly the LIPSS periodicity was increased for gold and platinum from 600 to 3700 nm and 600 to 2800 nm respectively by tilting the sample from 0° to 80° [108].…”

“…Groenendijk et al (2006) reported the effect of scanning velocity on undulating groove formation on SS304 [71]. The authors observed that at constant fluence with decreasing scanning velocity the groove increases in size and eventually the undulating groove structure disappears, forming trenches and columnar structures at low scanning velocities.…”

“…With increasing scan velocity, periodic nanostructures appeared on top of the ridges of LSFL and thus formed HSFL with twice the frequency of the LSFL. In a separate study on SS304, it was found that the LIPSS were distorted with decreasing scan velocity at a constant fluence, and undulating grooves started to form perpendicularly to the LIPSS orientation [71].…”