Microtubular cellulose-derived kapok fibre as a solid electron donor for boosting photocatalytic H2O2 production over C-doped g-C3N4 hybrid complexation

Tailored Citric Acid-Functionalized Carbon Nitride Homojunction-Immobilized Carboxymethyl Cellulose 3D Photocatalytic Hydrogels: A Multifaceted Approach toward Environmental Remediation

“…It is also highlighted that the characteristic peak around 810 cm –1 indicated that the terminal N–H vibrational mode in the ICN/CMC beads has reduced significantly with respect to the ICN homojunction composites . The decrement in the N–H intensities is also attributed to the effective bonding of CMC with the ICN through the formation of CO–N–H . The ICN contains amine groups and is a good proton acceptor due to the basic nature of its functional groups, whereas CMC, which is primarily composed of cellulose, has a significant propensity for intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding with species possessing electronegative groups .…”

“…30 The prominent peaks around 1200−1800 cm −1 are due to the stretching mode of N−C�N heterocyclic rings on the GCN surface. 34 The broad peak around 3000−3400 cm −1 is responsible for the stretching vibration of the N−H and O− H bands. 35 All the GCN-based photocatalysts demonstrated a comparable characteristic peaks in the fingerprint region of the GCN heterocycles' skeletal vibration in the region 1000−1600 cm −1 , which indicated the successful formation of the GCN structure.…”

“…33 The decrement in the N−H intensities is also attributed to the effective bonding of CMC with the ICN through the formation of C�O−N−H. 34 The ICN contains amine groups and is a good proton acceptor due to the basic nature of its functional groups, whereas CMC, which is primarily composed of cellulose, has a significant propensity for intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding with species possessing electronegative groups. 34 The primary interaction in the hybrid catalytic beads is predicted to be the hydrogen bonds formed between the hydroxyl groups of CMC and the amine group of ICN in ICN/CMC beads.…”

“…34 The ICN contains amine groups and is a good proton acceptor due to the basic nature of its functional groups, whereas CMC, which is primarily composed of cellulose, has a significant propensity for intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding with species possessing electronegative groups. 34 The primary interaction in the hybrid catalytic beads is predicted to be the hydrogen bonds formed between the hydroxyl groups of CMC and the amine group of ICN in ICN/CMC beads. The utilization of ferric chloride as the cross-linker also extends the possibility of formation of Fe−OH stretching around 885 cm −1 .…”

“…The sharp peak around 809 cm –1 denotes the out-of-the-plane bending mode of heptazine units of GCN . The prominent peaks around 1200–1800 cm –1 are due to the stretching mode of N–CN heterocyclic rings on the GCN surface . The broad peak around 3000–3400 cm –1 is responsible for the stretching vibration of the N–H and O–H bands .…”