Microvessel Organization and Structure in Experimental Brain Tumors: Microvessel Populations with Distinctive Structural and Functional Properties

Schlageter, Kurt E.; Molnár, Péter; Lapin, Gregory D.; Groothuis, Dennis R.

doi:10.1006/mvre.1999.2188

Cited by 259 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…However, dropping the first term in Eq. [1] results in an error in S/S 0 even for very large b. This error varies for different diffusion encoding directions.…”

Section: Muscle Capillary Network Modelmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…By measuring the signal at various q values and assuming that D in is known, an inverse problem can again be formulated (combining Eqs. [1] and [12]) in order to extract the average velocity magnitude u o , the orientation of the primary extravascular diffusion eigenvector expressed by the two angles y o and u o , the extravascular diffusion tensor eigenvalues (l 1 ,l 2 ¼ l 3 ), the intravascular volume fraction f, and the concentration parameter K.…”

Section: Muscle Capillary Network Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, for b > 200 s/mm 2 the perfusion-related signal is almost completely attenuated and the following asymptotic limit expression for the normalized signal in Eq. [1] can be used:…”

Section: Muscle Capillary Network Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anisotropy of the echo attenuation signal induced by the presence of a single pipe occupying 5% of the voxel volume was first investigated by generating synthetic data based on Eqs. [1] and [11]. The effect of a single pipe lying on the X-Y plane and forming an angle of 45 with the X-axis embedded on an isotropic medium was simu-…”

Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] and [12]) and typical parameters of the skeletal muscle microvascular network (l 1 [12] was performed using the Legendre polynomials expansion according to (36). In order to compare with the results of Callot et al (28) in the myocardium, the synthetically generated signal was then fitted to Eq.…”

Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Intravoxel partially coherent motion technique: Characterization of the anisotropy of skeletal muscle microvasculature

Karampinos

King

Sutton

et al. 2010

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose: To propose a reformulation of the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) technique exploiting the low bvalue diffusion-weighted imaging regime that can characterize microcirculation of tissues perfused with partially coherent blood flow. Materials and Methods:The new methodology, termed intravoxel partially coherent motion (IVPCM) technique, is suitable for probing microcirculation in tissues with ordered microvasculature, such as skeletal muscle. We employ a subvoxel model utilizing a randomly oriented bundle of straight vessels whose orientation statistics are characterized by a Fisher axial distribution with concentration parameter K quantifying the anisotropy of the distribution (K ¼ 0 indicates isotropic capillary orientation). The methodology is first validated with a proof-of-principle phantom experiment and is then applied to analyze the microvasculature of human calf muscle at rest. Results:The microcirculatory part of the diffusionweighted signal at b < 200 s/mm 2 is anisotropic. The variation of the diffusion-weighted signal with b-value exhibits stronger deviation from the expected monoexponential decay when the diffusion encoding gradient is applied parallel to the mean myofiber direction in the calf muscle of three healthy volunteers. The application of the model to data from the medial gastrocnemius and the soleus of the three volunteers gives results within the expected range for the mean microvascular volume fraction, the mean microflow velocity, and the parameter K. Conclusion:The proposed methodology has the capability of characterizing the anisotropy of the capillary network in vivo in a manner analogous to the capability of high b-value diffusion to characterize the anisotropy of muscle fibers.

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“…However, dropping the first term in Eq. [1] results in an error in S/S 0 even for very large b. This error varies for different diffusion encoding directions.…”

Section: Muscle Capillary Network Modelmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Muscle Capillary Network Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Muscle Capillary Network Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Intravoxel partially coherent motion technique: Characterization of the anisotropy of skeletal muscle microvasculature

Karampinos

King

Sutton

et al. 2010

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Overcoming the Blood–Brain Barrier: The Role of Nanomaterials in Treating Neurological Diseases

et al. 2018

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Therapies directed toward the central nervous system remain difficult to translate into improved clinical outcomes. This is largely due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), arguably the most tightly regulated interface in the human body, which routinely excludes most therapeutics. Advances in the engineering of nanomaterials and their application in biomedicine (i.e., nanomedicine) are enabling new strategies that have the potential to help improve our understanding and treatment of neurological diseases. Herein, the various mechanisms by which therapeutics can be delivered to the brain are examined and key challenges facing translation of this research from benchtop to bedside are highlighted. Following a contextual overview of the BBB anatomy and physiology in both healthy and diseased states, relevant therapeutic strategies for bypassing and crossing the BBB are discussed. The focus here is especially on nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems and the potential of these to overcome the biological challenges imposed by the BBB. Finally, disease-targeting strategies and clearance mechanisms are explored. The objective is to provide the diverse range of researchers active in the field (e.g., material scientists, chemists, engineers, neuroscientists, and clinicians) with an easily accessible guide to the key opportunities and challenges currently facing the nanomaterial-mediated treatment of neurological diseases.

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Molecular markers of extracellular matrix remodeling in glioblastoma vessels: Microarray study of laser‐captured glioblastoma vessels

Pen

Moreno

Martin³

et al. 2007

Glia

101

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are the most malignant and vascularized brain tumors. The aberrant vascular phenotype of GBM could be exploited for diagnosis or therapeutic targeting. This study identified new molecular markers of GBM vessels, using a combination of laser capture microdissection (LCM) microscopy, RNA amplification, and microarray analyses to compare vessels from nonmalignant human brain and GBM tumors. Forty-two genes were differentially expressed in GBM vessels compared to nonmalignant brain vessels. Validation of differentially expressed genes was performed by literature mining, Q-PCR, and immunohistochemistry. Among the differentially expressed genes, only 64% were previously associated with vessels, angiogenesis, gliomas, and/or cancer. The upregulation of genes encoding secreted extracellular proteins IGFBP7 and SPARC was confirmed by Q-PCR in LCM-captured vessels. Whereas SPARC and IGFBP7 protein were absent in nonmalignant brain vessels, a distinct immunoreactivity patterns were observed in GBM sections whereby SPARC was strongly expressed in perivascular cells adjacent to GBM vessels while GBM endothelial cells were immunostained for IGFBP7. IGFBP7 immunoreactivity was also detected on the abluminal side of GBM vessels deposited between strands of vascular basal lamina. The study discerns unique molecular characteristics of GBM vessels compared with nonmalignant brain vessels that could potentially be used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

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Microvessel Organization and Structure in Experimental Brain Tumors: Microvessel Populations with Distinctive Structural and Functional Properties

Cited by 259 publications

References 56 publications

Intravoxel partially coherent motion technique: Characterization of the anisotropy of skeletal muscle microvasculature

Intravoxel partially coherent motion technique: Characterization of the anisotropy of skeletal muscle microvasculature

Overcoming the Blood–Brain Barrier: The Role of Nanomaterials in Treating Neurological Diseases

Molecular markers of extracellular matrix remodeling in glioblastoma vessels: Microarray study of laser‐captured glioblastoma vessels

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