Microwave-assisted solvent extraction and reversed-phase liquid chromatography–UV detection for screening soils for sulfonylurea herbicides

Rapid determination of sixteen sulfonylurea herbicides in surface water by solid phase extraction cleanup and ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

“…Many clean-up methods have been developed (Table 1), including liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [1,4,19], solid phase extraction (SPE) [2,3,7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]22,[24][25][26], immunoaffinity (IA) [6,29], molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) [8,20], continuous flow liquid membrane extraction (CFLME) [21,27] and microwave assisted solvent extraction (MASE) [28]. However, due to the simplicity, high speed and less consumption of organic solvents, SPE is the most widely used one.…”

Development of a one-step microwave-assisted extraction procedure for highly efficient extraction of multiclass fungicides in soils

“…2,10 However, these methods usually generate too much solvent waste and are also labor intensive and time consuming. 10 Recently, a number of alternative methods such as solid phase microextraction (SPME), 11,12 supercritical uid extraction (SFE), [13][14][15] pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), [16][17][18] ultrasonic solvent extraction (USE), 2,4,10 and microwave assisted extraction (MAE) 7,8,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] have been commonly used for the extraction of pesticides in soil. MAE was introduced in 1986 by Ganzler et al 27 and has been successfully applied to extract organic compounds from various solid and liquid matrices.…”

Modern Extraction Techniques for Pesticide Residues Determination in Plant and Soil Samples

“…MAE determination of imidazolinone herbicides have been reported by Stout et al (1996Stout et al ( , 1997. Other investigated herbicides are sulfonyl-and phenylurea herbicides (Font et al, 1998;Molins et al, 2000). The investigated fungicides were hexaconazole (Frost et al, 1997), and dimethomorph (Stout et al, 1998) From economical and practical aspects, MAE is a strong competitor to other recent sample preparation techniques.…”