Microwave-assisted synthesis of black phosphorus quantum dots: efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction

Abstract

Black phosphorus quantum dots exhibit an impressive catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction.

High-Quality Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots Fabricated via Microwave-Tailored Technology

“…It can be seen that the monodispersed BPQDs had an average diameter of 2.5 nm according to the size distribution inserted in Figure 3d, suggesting the feasibility of preparing BPQDs using the MW-assisted method. The HRTEM images of the prepared BPQDs (Figure 3b,c) indicated that the BPQDs were well crystallized [12], further confirming the high quality of BP crystal preparation using the scalable mineralization method. The lattice fringes derived from the HRTEM image and the corresponding fast Fourier transform pattern (Figure 3b',c') were highly consistent with the values of 0.25 and 0.22 nm from different BPQDs.…”

“…Until now, state-of-the-art lower-dimensional materials, including 2D or 0D (quantum dots), have generally been exfoliated from bulk materials via chemical or physical methods, resulting in dramatically changed electronic and optical properties compared to those of the bulk materials [5][6][7]. Given the advantages of liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) technology, such as its scalability, solution processability, and feasibility for creating composite materials [8,9], recently, several groups have produced black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) in anhydrous organic solvents [10][11][12]. However, these solvents are toxic or have high boiling points that are detrimental to large-scale production, and they are difficult to remove upon assembly into a film or composite, especially for BPQDs, which have inferior stability.…”

Recent Advances on Black Phosphorus Based Electrocatalysts for Water‐Splitting

“…Recently, by using electrochemical exfoliation process, in situ surface functionalization of BP quantum dots with nitrogen‐containing groups (FPQDs) have been demonstrated, and a charge separation in the lattice of FPQDs was realized due to the electronegativity difference between the N and P atoms, which in turn improved the OH − adsorption on the P atoms, leading to efficient and stable electrocatalytic activity for OER . Ultrasmall BPQDs prepared by the Microwave‐assisted have been combined with CoO x also as OER electrocatalyst to exhibit outstanding electrocatalytic performance than their individual constituents . The corresponding electrocatalysts mentioned in the section 3 have been tabulated and are listed in Table .…”

“…[81] Ultrasmall BPQDs prepared by the Microwave-assisted have been combined with CoO x also as OER electrocatalyst to exhibit outstanding electrocatalytic performance than their individual constituents. [82] The corresponding ChemCatChem Minireviews doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201902288 electrocatalysts mentioned in the section 3 have been tabulated and are listed in Table 2.…”

“…[76] Copyright © 2019, American Chemical Society. [66] Co/BP 1 M KOH 310 61 [74] Co 3 O 4 @BP 1 M KOH 400 63 [58] Co(OH) 2 /BP 5 : 1 1 M KOH 276 57 [75] S-doped BP 1 M KOH 410 75 [77] Ni 3 N/BP-AG 1 M KOH 233 42 [79] Ni 3 N j Ni 2 P j BP 1 M KOH 247 79 [80] FPQDs 1 M NaOH 430 48 [81] CoO x -BPQDs 1 M KOH 360 58.5 [82] BP/Co 2 P 1 M KOH 380 78 [83] EBP@NG(1 : 8) 1 M KOH 265 - [85] BP QDs/MXene 1 M KOH 360 63.4 [84] ChemCatChem Minireviews doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201902288…”