Microwave initiated synthesis and application of polyacrylic acid grafted carboxymethyl cellulose

Mishra, Sumit; Rani, G. Usha; Sen, Gautam

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.057

Cited by 123 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…25,84 It may be used along with a chemical free radical initiator (microwave assisted technique) 90,104 or even without any chemical free radical initiator (microwave initiated technique). 105 Microwave based techniques have certain advantages over other conventionally used techniques for free radical generation.…”

Section: Grafting Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Lee

Chong

Robinson

et al. 2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Flocculation is extensively employed for clarification through sedimentation. Application of ecofriendly plant-based bio-flocculants in wastewater treatment has attracted significant attention lately with high removal capability in terms of solids, turbidity, colour and dye. However, moderate flocculating property and short shelf life restrict their development. In order to enhance the flocculating ability, natural polysaccharides derived from plants are chemically modified by inclusion of synthetic, non-biodegradable monomers (e.g. acrylamide) onto their backbone to produce grafted bio-flocculants. This review is aimed to provide an overview of the development and flocculating efficiencies of plant-based bio-flocculants and grafted bio-flocculants for the first time. Furthermore, the processing methods, flocculation mechanism and the current challenges are discussed. All the reported studies about plant-derived bio-flocculants are conducted under lab-scale conditions in wastewater treatment. Hence, the possibility to apply natural bio-flocculants in food and beverage, mineral, paper and pulp, oleo-chemical and biodiesel industries is discussed and evaluated.

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Section: Grafting Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 Hence, optimisation study of processing, extraction and drying conditions is highly important to get the optimum conditions that can produce the bio-flocculants with maximum yield and flocculating ability.…”

Section: Current Challenges and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Lee

Chong

Robinson

et al. 2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Work to date has shown that bio-flocculants are needed in larger dosage compared with synthetic flocculants (Mishra et al 2012;Sengkhamparn et al 2009). Conventionally, bioflocculants are prepared using drying and extraction processes (Mishra and Bajpai 2005;Sharma et al 2006), which are both time-consuming and require significant amounts of energy.…”

Section: Among Various Types Of Chemical Flocculants Polyacrylamide-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of extraction and sludge dewatering efficiencies of bio-flocculants extracted from Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)

Lee

Chong

Robinson

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…Increasing the treatment temperature to 300˚C caused a marked growth of 1571 cm −1 band. The band at 1424 cm −1 may belong to 2 3 CO − in the carbonate compounds formed by the carbonation of Na + and Ca 2+ ions present in the pore solution or, alternatively, these two bands can be ascribed to the carboxylate anions, -COO − [31] [32] in the metal-complexed carboxylate groups; namely, the C-O asymmetric and symmetric stretching modes in this group at 1571 and 1424 cm −1 , respectively. Conceivably, the metallic cations are Ca 2+ , Na + , and Al 3+ liberated during cement hydration.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughness Improvement of Geothermal Well Cement at up to 300<sup>&deg;</sup>C: Using Carbon Microfiber

Sugama¹,

Pyatina²

2014

OJCM

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This study aimed at assessing the usefulness of carbon microfiber (CMF) in improving the compressive-toughness of sodium metasilicate-activated calcium aluminate/Class F fly ash foamed cement at hydrothermal temperatures of up to 300˚C. When the CMFs came in contact with a pore solution of cement, their surfaces underwent alkali-caused oxidation, leading to the formation of metal (Na, Ca, Al)-complexed carboxylate groups. The extent of this oxidation was enhanced by the temperature increase, corresponding to the incorporation of more oxidation derivatives at higher temperatures. Although micro-probe examinations did not show any defects in the fibers, the enhanced oxidation engendered shrinkage of the interlayer spacing between the C-basal planes in CMFs, and a decline in their thermal stability. On the other hand, the complexed carboxylate groups present on the surfaces of oxidized fibers played a pivotal role in improving the adherence of fibers to the cement matrix. Such fiber/cement interfacial bonds contributed significantly to the excellent bridging effect of fibers, resistance to the cracks development and propagation, and to improvement of the post-crack material ductility. Consequently, the compressive toughness of the 85˚-, 200˚-, and 300˚C-autoclaved foamed cements reinforced with 10 wt% CMF was 2.4-, 2.9-, and 3.1-fold higher than for cement without the reinforcement.

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Microwave initiated synthesis and application of polyacrylic acid grafted carboxymethyl cellulose

Cited by 123 publications

References 24 publications

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Optimisation of extraction and sludge dewatering efficiencies of bio-flocculants extracted from Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)

Toughness Improvement of Geothermal Well Cement at up to 300<sup>&deg;</sup>C: Using Carbon Microfiber

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Microwave initiated synthesis and application of polyacrylic acid grafted carboxymethyl cellulose

Cited by 123 publications

References 24 publications

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

A Review on Development and Application of Plant-Based Bioflocculants and Grafted Bioflocculants

Optimisation of extraction and sludge dewatering efficiencies of bio-flocculants extracted from Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)

Toughness Improvement of Geothermal Well Cement at up to 300&lt;sup&gt;&amp;deg;&lt;/sup&gt;C: Using Carbon Microfiber

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Toughness Improvement of Geothermal Well Cement at up to 300<sup>°</sup>C: Using Carbon Microfiber