Microwave Radar and Radiometric Remote Sensing

Ulaby, F. T.; Long, D.G.; Blackwell, William J.; Elachi, C.; Fung, A.K.; Ruf, Christopher S.; Sarabandi, Kamal; Zebker, H. A.; Zyl, Jakob van

doi:10.3998/0472119356

Cited by 855 publications

(929 citation statements)

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“…The volume of the circular cone above each antenna is variable as it depends on the SM content. Due to more pronounced refraction processes in wet soils, the path length for electromagnetic waves, especially those with oblique angles, is shortened [11]. This may lead to a significant sampling volume reduction compared to dry soils.…”

Section: Soil Moisture Sampling Volumes and Vertical Ranges Of Differmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For SM observations in general, that band is most suitable because the penetration depth of the electromagnetic waves reaches several centimetres even for moist soils. For dry soils, it can even reach several meters [11,64]. As the L-band is widely and successfully used for SM retrievals from microwave measurements, e.g., from SMOS or SMAP, SM data derived by GPS use the same band and rely on a similar physical basis.…”

Section: Advantages and Limitations Of Gps Soil Moisture Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last decades, active and passive microwave remote sensing techniques have been developed and were applied successfully for SM monitoring on different scales [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. In 2009, the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite operated by ESA was launched [2,18], and in January 2015, the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite operated by NASA was launched [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with ρ s = 2.65 g¨cm´3 as the mean specific density of the soil paste [11] whereas the measured bulk soil density ρ b = 1.3 g¨cm´3. The imaginary part of dry soil is negligible.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For more information on the calculation of ε w0 , ε w8 and τ w , consider Ulaby et al [11] and Lane et al [63]. The imaginary part of the complex permittivity of free bound water is defined as…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Moisture Retrieval Based on GPS Signal Strength Attenuation

Koch

Schlenz

Prasch

et al. 2016

Water

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Soil moisture (SM) is a highly relevant variable for agriculture, the emergence of floods and a key variable in the global energy and water cycle. In the last years, several satellite missions have been launched especially to derive large-scale products of the SM dynamics on the Earth. However, in situ validation data are often scarce. We developed a new method to retrieve SM of bare soil from measurements of low-cost GPS (Global Positioning System) sensors that receive the freely available GPS L1-band signals. The experimental setup of three GPS sensors was installed at a bare soil field at the German Weather Service (DWD) in Munich for almost 1.5 years. Two GPS antennas were installed within the soil column at a depth of 10 cm and one above the soil. SM was successfully retrieved based on GPS signal strength losses through the integral soil volume. The results show high agreement with measured and modelled SM validation data. Due to its non-destructive, cheap and low power setup, GPS sensor networks could also be used for potential applications in remote areas, aiming to serve as satellite validation data and to support the fields of agriculture, water supply, flood forecasting and climate change.

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Section: Soil Moisture Sampling Volumes and Vertical Ranges Of Differmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Advantages and Limitations Of Gps Soil Moisture Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with ρ s = 2.65 g¨cm´3 as the mean specific density of the soil paste [11] whereas the measured bulk soil density ρ b = 1.3 g¨cm´3. The imaginary part of dry soil is negligible.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Moisture Retrieval Based on GPS Signal Strength Attenuation

Koch

Schlenz

Prasch

et al. 2016

Water

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Aquarius: Status and recent results

et al. 2014

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Aquarius is a combination active/passive instrument at L band designed to map sea surface salinity globally from space. The radiometer (passive) is the primary instrument for retrieving salinity, and the scatterometer (active) provides information to correct for a major source of error, sea surface roughness (waves). In addition, the radiometer includes a number of special features designed to meet the goal for this challenging measurement, including measurement of the third Stokes parameter to help with the correction for Faraday rotation and rapid sampling to help with the mitigation of radio frequency interference. Aquarius was launched on 10 June 2011 aboard the Aquarius/SAC-D observatory and has been working well. The salinity retrieval continues to improve, and the special features suggest the potential for new applications of remote sensing from space at L band.

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Salient features of the dual‐frequency, dual‐polarized, Doppler radar for remote sensing of precipitation

et al. 2014

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The global precipitation measurement (GPM) mission is an international satellite mission to obtain accurate observations of precipitation on a global scale every 3 h. Its (GPM) core satellite was launched on 27 February 2014 with two science instruments: the microwave imager and the dual-frequency precipitation radar. Ground validation is an integral part of the GPM mission where instruments are deployed to complement and correlate with spacecraft instruments. The dual-frequency, dual-polarization, Doppler radar (D3R) is a critical ground validation instrument that was developed for the GPM program. This paper describes the salient features of the D3R in the context of the GPM ground validation mission. The engineering and architectural overview of the radar is described, and observations from successful GPM ground validation field experiments are presented.

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Microwave Radar and Radiometric Remote Sensing

Cited by 855 publications

References 0 publications

Soil Moisture Retrieval Based on GPS Signal Strength Attenuation

Soil Moisture Retrieval Based on GPS Signal Strength Attenuation

Aquarius: Status and recent results

Salient features of the dual‐frequency, dual‐polarized, Doppler radar for remote sensing of precipitation

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