Migration of human monocytes in response to procalcitonin

Abstract

In vitro procalcitonin is a monocyte chemoattractant that deactivates chemotaxis in the presence of additional inflammatory mediators. Procalcitonin stimulates cyclic adenosine monophosphate production in monocytes, suggesting that its action may be specific and comparable with calcitonin, which exerts similar functions.

Exogenous procalcitonin evokes a pro-inflammatory cytokine response

“…The significant alteration in migration of PMNs at the highest rhProCT dose mirrors the report of a similar response in monocytes [7]. Widermann et al [7] described dose-dependent deactivation of directed migration in monocytes after exposure to ProCT while observing no change in oxygen free radical release among PMNs, an indirect measurement of PMN antibacterial activity.…”

“…Widermann et al [7] described dose-dependent deactivation of directed migration in monocytes after exposure to ProCT while observing no change in oxygen free radical release among PMNs, an indirect measurement of PMN antibacterial activity. Similarly, as compared with controls, we found neither phagocytosis of Staphylococcus nor SOD levels to be significantly affected in the treated PMNs.…”

“…We hypothesize that endogenous ProCT, at concentrations relevant to sepsis, influences the inflammatory response and function of leukocytes independent of endotoxin. Monocytes, exposed in vitro to ProCT, have been reported to exhibit altered chemotactic function and manifest a reduction in expression of the integrin CD11b, which is necessary for cellular adhesion and migration through tissues [7,8]. To further characterize the response to other cells important to the immune response of septic shock, we studied the effects of in vitro exposure to exogenous ProCT on isolated PMNs and whole blood obtained from healthy donors.…”

Expression and function of RANK in human monocyte chemotaxis

“…To explore for chemotactic properties of RANKL in the absence of other chemoattractants, freshly prepared monocytes were allowed to migrate toward different concentrations of RANKL (1 aM to 10 nM). The same concentrations of MCP-1 and PCT were used as a positive control (20). IL-8 (1 aM to 10 nM) served as a negative control.…”

Is Procalcitonin Reduction Indicative of Immunomodulation in Septic Patients Treated with Hemodialysis with High Cutoff Membrane?

“…Indeed, PCT is a proinflammatory chemokine [7,8], it increases vasorelaxation inducing NO synthase [9] and, in experimental models, PCT infusion decreases renal function and cardiovascular stability [10]. Therefore, PCT active removal by filtration techniques may be beneficial.…”