Migration-related risk of psychosomatic disorders in socially healthy young adults who experience significant emotional and mental loads

Abstract

RELEVANCE: The relevance of the study is due to the lack of systematic data on the cause-and-effect relationships between the territorial remoteness of the initial and final settlements when changing place of residence with the risk of developing psychosomatic disorders in a person with increased neuropsychic and intellectual stress. AIM: To develop an integrative indicator of the risk of developing psychosomatic disorders in young people when changing their place of residence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved students of the Volgograd State Medical University, 97 men and 99 women aged 18-22 years. Nonresident respondents accounted for 44% (45 people) of the sample population of men and 60% (61 people) of the sample population of women. The cross-sectional study was carried out in June 2023, during the spring session, 9 months after the start of university studies, and, accordingly, from the moment nonresident students changed their place of residence. The level of systemic maladjustment of respondents was assessed using the I.N. Gurvich test. The indicators of the Giessen Somatic Complaints Questionnaire and indicators of anxiety-depressive disorders (HADS scale) were taken into account, and the presence of suicidal ideation was determined - according to the suicidal ideation module of the Columbia Suicidal Severity Scale (C-SSRS). The distances (km) between the initial and final settlements of the respondents’ place of residence were calculated. RESULTS: A systemic direct statistically significant relationship was identified between the severity of psychosomatic disorders and the distance of migration movement of young people from the place of previous residence to the final point of residence. Four degrees of migration risk have been identified with zero (up to 20 km) and subsequent three (up to 400, up to 800 and over 800 km) territorial ranges of somatization risk. The control critical values of the migration risk indicator for the development of psychosomatic disorders for men and women were calculated, determining that the migration risk of somatization in young people occurs when the territorial distance of the place of residence from the place of previous residence is 400 km or more. CONCLUSION: The connections between the territorial remoteness of the initial and final settlements when changing place of residence, with the risk of developing psychosomatic disorders in a person under conditions of an intense educational process, are characterized.