Miliary tuberculosis following homograft valve replacement.

Anyanwu, C H; Nassau, E.; Yacoub, M. H.

doi:10.1136/thx.31.1.101

Cited by 45 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Anyanwu et al (1976) reported seven cases of miliary tuberculosis among 934 patients receiving human heart valve allografts. There was unconfirmed suspicion that the source of the infection came from the implanted valves.…”

Section: Bacterial Infection From Transplantation Of Heart Valve Allomentioning

confidence: 98%

Bacterial infection transmitted by human tissue allograft transplantation

Eastlund

2006

Cell Tissue Banking

124

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Bacterial contamination of tissue allografts obtained from cadaveric donors has been a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in recipients. Recent cases of fatal and nonfatal bacterial infections in recipients of contaminated articular cartilage (distal femur) and tendon allografts have called attention to the importance of avoiding tissue donors suspected of carrying infectious disease, of not processing donated tissue carrying virulent bacteria, the occurrence of falsely negative final sterility tests, and the need to sterilize tissues. These cases demonstrated that contamination can arise from an infected donor, during tissue removal from cadaveric donors, from the processing environment, and from contaminated supplies and reagents used during processing. Final sterility testing can be unreliable, especially when antibiotics remain on tissues. There is an increasing need for control of microbial contamination in tissue banks, and sterilization of tissue allografts should be recommended whenever possible.

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Section: Bacterial Infection From Transplantation Of Heart Valve Allomentioning

confidence: 98%

Bacterial infection transmitted by human tissue allograft transplantation

Eastlund

2006

Cell Tissue Banking

124

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“…Several procedures and interventions, such as, ureteral catheterization, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, laser lithotripsy, cardiac valve homograft replacement, have been implicated in the causation of miliary TB [56], [57], [58], [59], [60]. Further, the uncommon occurrence of miliary disease caused by intravesical bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG) therapy for urinary bladder carcinoma has also been documented [58].…”

Section: Predisposing Associated Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miliary tuberculosis: A new look at an old foe

Sharma

Mohan

Sharma

2016

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseas

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Miliary tuberculosis (TB), is a fatal form of disseminated TB characterized by tiny tubercles evident on gross pathology similar to innumerable millet seeds in size and appearance. Global HIV/AIDS pandemic and increasing use of immunosuppressive drugs have altered the epidemiology of miliary TB. Keeping in mind its protean manifestations, clinicians should have a low threshold for suspecting miliary TB. Careful physical examination should focus on identifying organ system involvement early, particularly TB meningitis, as this has therapeutic significance. Fundus examination for detecting choroid tubercles can help in early diagnosis as their presence is pathognomonic of miliary TB. Imaging modalities help in recognizing the miliary pattern, define the extent of organ system involvement and facilitate image guided fine-needle aspiration cytology or biopsy from various organ sites. Sputum or BAL fluid examination, pleural, pericardial, peritoneal fluid and cerebrospinal fluid studies, fine needle aspiration cytology or biopsy of the lymph nodes, needle biopsy of the liver, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, testing of body fluids must be carried out. GeneXpert MTB/RIF, line probe assay, mycobacterial culture and drug-susceptibility testing must be carried out as appropriate and feasible. Treatment of miliary TB should be started at the earliest as this can be life saving. Response to first-line anti-TB drugs is good. Screening and monitoring for complications like acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), adverse drug reactions like drug-induced liver injury, drug-drug interactions, especially in patients co-infected with HIV/AIDS, are warranted. Sparse data are available from randomized controlled trials regarding optimum regimen and duration of anti-TB treatment.

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“…Treatment with anti-TNF alpha monoclonal antibodies and corticosteroids increase the risk of opportunistic infections including tuberculosis. Transplant with unrecognized tuberculosis – infected cadaveric kidney [ 9 ] or homograft valve [ 10 ] were also reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated tuberculosis following the placement of ureteral stents: a case repot

Salem

2008

Cases Journal

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BackgroundMiliary tuberculosis occurs as a result of hematogenous dissemination of Mycobacerium tuberculosis. This can occur due to progressive primary infection, reactivation of latent focus with subsequent spread, or rarely via iatrogenic origin.Case presentationThis is a case of 21 year-old woman presented with hydronephrosis and hematuria due to unrecognized renal tuberculosis. She underwent bilateral ureteral stent placement which lead to dissemination of the Mycobateria through the blood causing pulmonary tuberculosis and multiple tuberculous abscesses in the paraspinous muscles, pleural space and skin.ConclusionDisseminated tuberculosis due to Mycobacteremia after surgical intervention is a rare complication. Mycobacteria should be considered among other more common microorganisms that can cause post operative bacteremia.

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Miliary tuberculosis following homograft valve replacement.

Cited by 45 publications

References 11 publications

Bacterial infection transmitted by human tissue allograft transplantation

Bacterial infection transmitted by human tissue allograft transplantation

Miliary tuberculosis: A new look at an old foe

Disseminated tuberculosis following the placement of ureteral stents: a case repot

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