Milk Replacer Ingredients

Wood, D.R.

doi:10.1016/j.cvfa.2021.11.011

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…And soy protein-based formula has been reported to maintain the normal growth and development of infants and reduce gastrointestinal symptoms in infants who are intolerant to cows' milk [14][15][16]. Although soy protein isolate (SPI) is considered an ideal plant-based protein in formula milk, there are concerns regarding the potential negative effects of soy-based protein on digestibility and immune and nervous system development due to insufficient processing for antinutritive factors [17][18][19]. To our knowledge, however, very limited data are available on the effects of soy-based protein as a substitute for dairy-based protein in milk replacer on the growth and development of piglets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Substitution of Whey Protein Concentrate with Spray–Dried Porcine Plasma or Soy Protein Isolate in Milk Replacer Differentially Modulates Ileal Morphology, Nutrient Digestion, Immunity and Intestinal Microbiota of Neonatal Piglets

Zhang,

Zhou,

Liu

et al. 2023

Animals

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Appropriate protein sources are vital for the growth, development and health of neonates. Twenty–four 2–day–old piglets were randomly divided into three groups and fed isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets. The experimental diets included a milk replacer with 17.70% whey protein concentrate (WPC group), a milk replacer with 6% spray–dried porcine plasma isonitrogenously substituting WPC (SDPP group), and a milk replacer with 5.13% soy protein isolate isonitrogenously substituting WPC (SPI group). Neonatal piglets were fed milk replacer from postnatal day 2 (PND 2) to day 20 (PND 20). The growth performance, intestinal morphology, activities of digestive enzymes, plasma biochemical parameters, immunity–related genes, short–chain fatty acids (SCFA) and intestinal microbiota in the colonic chyme were determined. The results showed that SDPP–fed piglets had higher final BW (p = 0.05), ADG (p = 0.05) and F/G (p = 0.07) compared with WPC– and SPI–fed piglets, and SDPP–fed piglets had a lower diarrhea index (p < 0.01) from PND 2 to PND 8. SDPP–fed piglets had an increased ileal villus height (p = 0.04) and ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VCR) (p = 0.02), and increased activities of sucrase (p < 0.01), lactase (p = 0.02) and trypsin (p = 0.08) in the jejunum, compared with WPC– and SPI–fed piglets. Furthermore, SPI–fed piglets had an increased mRNA expression of IL-6 (p < 0.01) and concentration of plasma urea (p = 0.08). The results from LEfSe analysis showed that SDPP–fed piglets had a higher abundance of beneficial Butyricicoccus compared with WPC– and SPI–fed piglets, in which higher abundances of pathogenic bacteria such as Marinifilaceae, Fusobacterium and Enterococcus were observed. Moreover, SDPP–fed piglets had an increased concentration of butyric acid (p = 0.08) in the colonic chyme compared with WPC– and SPI–fed piglets. These results suggest that neonatal piglets fed milk replacer with SDPP partially substituting WPC had improved growth performance and intestinal morphology and function, associated with higher digestive enzyme activity and fewer pathogenic bacteria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Substitution of Whey Protein Concentrate with Spray–Dried Porcine Plasma or Soy Protein Isolate in Milk Replacer Differentially Modulates Ileal Morphology, Nutrient Digestion, Immunity and Intestinal Microbiota of Neonatal Piglets

Zhang,

Zhou,

Liu

et al. 2023

Animals

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Ticari buzağı mamalarının mikrobiyolojik analizi ve izole edilen Enterococcus türlerinde antibiyotik dirençliliği

USLU,

ATALAY,

DENİZLİ

et al. 2023

Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques

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One of the reasons why calf milk replacer is preferred over unpasteurized bulk tank milk or waste milk with antibiotics on farms is that it prevents epidemic diseases and antibiotic resistance that may occur on the farm. In this study analyzed commercial calf milk replacer products (n = 12) obtained from dairy farms around Turkiye by microbiological culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In order to evaluate the microbiological quality of calf milk replacer, total bacteria count, coliform E. coli and E. coli O157-H7, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp. analyses were performed according to microbiological analysis methods determined according to ISO standards. Enterococcus spp. was isolated from all 12 calf milk replacer samples analyzed and molecularly confirmed by PCR with the presence of the gross-Es gene. Salmonella spp., E. coli, Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. were not isolated from the samples. Additionally, in the bacterial counts, an average of 5.3x107 Enterococci were counted from all samples in 1 gram of calf milk replacer. Antimicrobial analysis of the isolated bacteria was completed according to CLSI 2022 data, and 11 isolates were defined as multi drug resistance and one isolate was defined as extensive drug resistance. It was also determined that the isolate defined as extensive drug resistance was resistant to Vancomycin and carried the Van A resistance gene. Many proteins used in the preparation of calf milk replacers are of animal origin and may contain pathogenic bacteria. Milk replacers are used on most farms for biosecurity purposes. It is known that milk replacers affect microbiota. It was shown in this study that if calf milk replacers are not prepared under the regulations, they may cause harm rather than benefit to on-farm biosecurity factors. It is concerning that calves are given calf milk replacers containing antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus spp. to sustain their lives when they are most vulnerable to disease during the window of susceptibility. When using calf milk replacer in calf feeding, field veterinarians should be informed about the microbiological certification of the product and provide information about pasteurization and presentation for consumption.

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Milk Replacer Ingredients

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

Partial Substitution of Whey Protein Concentrate with Spray–Dried Porcine Plasma or Soy Protein Isolate in Milk Replacer Differentially Modulates Ileal Morphology, Nutrient Digestion, Immunity and Intestinal Microbiota of Neonatal Piglets

Partial Substitution of Whey Protein Concentrate with Spray–Dried Porcine Plasma or Soy Protein Isolate in Milk Replacer Differentially Modulates Ileal Morphology, Nutrient Digestion, Immunity and Intestinal Microbiota of Neonatal Piglets

Ticari buzağı mamalarının mikrobiyolojik analizi ve izole edilen Enterococcus türlerinde antibiyotik dirençliliği

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