Milking characteristics and their relation to adrenergic receptor mRNA expression and ligand binding in the mammary gland of dairy cows

Inderwies, Tyra; Pfaffl, Michael W.; Bruckmaier, Rupert M.

doi:10.1016/s0739-7240(03)00059-6

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…No information about the force that is necessary to open the teat canal to a maximum is available. In previous studies, a relationship between PFR and the adrenergic system has been demon- strated (Roets et al, 1989;Wellnitz et al, 2001;Inderwies et al, 2003a). Inderwies et al (2003b) demonstrated recently that not only the teat canal determines the resulting PFR.…”

Section: Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Teat Anatomy and its Relationship with Quarter and Udder Milk Flow Characteristics in Dairy Cows

Weiß

Weinfurtner

Bruckmaier

2004

Journal of Dairy Science

110

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Anatomical and functional characteristics of the teat are supposed to have considerable influence on milk flow performance. In the present study, various teat and milking characteristics in 148 quarters of 38 cows were analyzed via 3 different approaches. Teat canal length, teat wall thickness, and teat diameter were measured by ultrasound. In addition, the vacuum needed to open the teat canal (VO) was determined and milk flow profiles were measured in each quarter separately. Rear teats were shorter and thicker than front teats, whereas teat canal length and teat wall thickness did not differ according to quarter position. Milk yield and peak flow rate (PFR) were higher in rear than in front quarters. Teat canal length and VO were negatively correlated with PFR and average flow rate (AFR) but no correlations were observed between milkability traits and externally measurable teat characteristics like teat length or teat diameter. Individual milkability at an udder level is a complex characteristic that is determined by the milkability at a quarter level and the distribution of quarter milk yields. The anatomical and functional characteristics of single teats can partly explain the milk flow characteristics of individual quarters.

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Section: Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Teat Anatomy and its Relationship with Quarter and Udder Milk Flow Characteristics in Dairy Cows

Weiß

Weinfurtner

Bruckmaier

2004

Journal of Dairy Science

110

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“…The solid content of milk (fat and protein) is low at the beginning of milking, whereas a high concentration of solids is found by the end of milking. Adrenergic receptors inhibit alveolar contraction and deposition of milk in the cistern (12). It is believed that the inhibition of alveolar contraction is less effective in animals carrying genotype TC of the ADRA1A gene and that milk protein concentration is therefore higher in these animals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adrenergic receptors a 1A , a 2D , and b 2 are the most abundant in the mammary gland of cattle (12). The stimulation of these receptors has been associated with milk production and milk flow during milking (13).…”

Section: Polymorphisms In Oxytocin and α 1a Adrenergic Receptor Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphisms in Oxytocin and α_1aAdrenergic Receptor Genes and Their Effects on Production Traits in Dairy Buffaloes

Araújo

Camargo

Fonseca

et al. 2015

Animal Biotechnology

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The use of molecular markers may auxiliary the buffalo breeding. The oxytocin (OXT) and the adrenergic receptor α1A (ADRA1A) may be involved in milk ejection in ruminants. The aim of this study was to verify the existence of polymorphisms in the OXT and ADRA1A genes and their associations with milk production traits. A total of 220 buffaloes were genotyped using PCR-RFLP for both genes. The SNP identified in the ADRA1A gene was associated with protein percentage in dairy buffaloes. This is the first report of such association in the literature, which has not been studied in other species.

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“…Histamine is postulated to be involved in pregnancy-associated growth of the mammary gland in preclinical species [ 43 ]. Adrenergic α and β receptors can be found in the mammary gland, with reports that α adrenergic stimulation produces changes in milk yield and peak flow rate, indicating a function for adrenalin in the gland [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large scale meta-analysis of preclinical toxicity data for target characterisation and hypotheses generation

Munoz-Muriedas

2021

PLoS ONE

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Recent technological advances in the field of big data have increased our capabilities to query large databases and combine information from different domains and disciplines. In the area of preclinical studies, initiatives like SEND (Standard for Exchange of Nonclinical Data) will also contribute to collect and present nonclinical data in a consistent manner and increase analytical possibilities. With facilitated access to preclinical data and improvements in analytical algorithms there will surely be an expectation for organisations to ensure all the historical data available to them is leveraged to build new hypotheses. These kinds of analyses may soon become as important as the animal studies themselves, in addition to being critical components to achieve objectives aligned with 3Rs. This article proposes the application of meta-analyses at large scale in corporate databases as a tool to exploit data from both preclinical studies and in vitro pharmacological activity assays to identify associations between targets and tissues that can be used as seeds for the development of causal hypotheses to characterise of targets. A total of 833 in-house preclinical toxicity studies relating to 416 compounds reported to be active (pXC50 ≥ 5.5) against a panel of 96 selected targets of interest for potential off-target non desired effects were meta-analysed, aggregating the data in tissue–target pairs. The primary outcome was the odds ratio (OR) of the number of animals with observed events (any morphology, any severity) in treated and control groups in the tissue analysed. This led to a total of 2139 meta-analyses producing a total of 364 statistically significant associations (random effects model), 121 after adjusting by multiple comparison bias. The results show the utility of the proposed approach to leverage historical corporate data and may offer a vehicle for researchers to share, aggregate and analyse their preclinical toxicological data in precompetitive environments.

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Milking characteristics and their relation to adrenergic receptor mRNA expression and ligand binding in the mammary gland of dairy cows

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Teat Anatomy and its Relationship with Quarter and Udder Milk Flow Characteristics in Dairy Cows

Teat Anatomy and its Relationship with Quarter and Udder Milk Flow Characteristics in Dairy Cows

Polymorphisms in Oxytocin and α_1aAdrenergic Receptor Genes and Their Effects on Production Traits in Dairy Buffaloes

Large scale meta-analysis of preclinical toxicity data for target characterisation and hypotheses generation

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Milking characteristics and their relation to adrenergic receptor mRNA expression and ligand binding in the mammary gland of dairy cows

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Teat Anatomy and its Relationship with Quarter and Udder Milk Flow Characteristics in Dairy Cows

Teat Anatomy and its Relationship with Quarter and Udder Milk Flow Characteristics in Dairy Cows

Polymorphisms in Oxytocin and α1aAdrenergic Receptor Genes and Their Effects on Production Traits in Dairy Buffaloes

Large scale meta-analysis of preclinical toxicity data for target characterisation and hypotheses generation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Polymorphisms in Oxytocin and α_1aAdrenergic Receptor Genes and Their Effects on Production Traits in Dairy Buffaloes