“…In literature, the functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles are synthesized using various methods and are used in biodiesel production [16], photodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane [17], removal of fluoride in water [18], and catalysis [19,20]. Several methods are reported to synthesize iron oxide nanoparticles, including hydrothermal [21], solvothermal [22], co-precipitation [23], forced hydrolysis [24], electron beam irradiation [25], microemulsion [26], sonochemical [27], and biosynthetic methods [28,29].…”