Mind-body exercise affects attention switching and sustained attention in female adults with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A randomized, controlled trial with 6-month follow-up

Kouhbanani, Sakineh Soltani; Zarenezhad, Somayeh; Arabi, Seyedeh Manizheh

doi:10.1007/s12144-022-03216-6

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Fourteen studies were included in the analysis, consisting of 11 RCTs [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ] and three NRS [ 46 , 47 , 48 ]. Of these, nine employed closed motor skills interventions, while the other five implemented open motor skills interventions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most patients (70%) were male, with a total of 410 male patients. Six out of the fourteen articles included reported the number of lost or withdrawn subjects, totaling 35 (30 for the closed exercise intervention and 5 for the open exercise intervention), with a loss rate of 6% [ 37 , 40 , 41 , 43 , 46 , 47 ]. The exercise intensity was moderate or higher, with interventions occurring 1–5 times per week.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… RoB2 methodological quality evaluation results [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“… ( a ) Closed-skill sensitivity analysis [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 43 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]; ( b ) Open-skill sensitivity analysis [ 39 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 48 ]. …”

Section: Table A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Practicing Closed- vs. Open-Skill Exercises on Executive Functions in Individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)—A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Qiu,

Zhai,

Chen

2024

Behavioral Sciences

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(1) Background: Previous studies have identified discrepancies in improvements in executive functioning in typically developing children when comparing closed- and open-skill exercise interventions. However, there is limited research on executive functioning in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the impact of closed- and open-skill exercises on ADHD populations. (2) Methods: The PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed to search seven databases to evaluate and analyze studies published from 2013 to 2023. Prospero: CRD42023460452. (3) Results: A meta-analysis of 578 subjects with ADHD in 11 RCTs (Randomized control trial) and 3 NRS (Non-randomized studies) revealed that closed-skill exercise significantly improved executive function subdomains, including inhibitory control (standardized mean differences (SMD) = −1.00), cognitive flexibility (SMD = −1.33), and working memory (SMD = −0.85). Furthermore, open-skill exercise was found to have a positive effect on inhibitory control (SMD = −1.98) and cognitive flexibility (SMD = −0.97) in ADHD patients. Both types of exercise interventions demonstrated an improvement in executive function compared to controls, with open-skill exercises exhibiting superior effects (Qb = 6.26). (4) Conclusions: The review recommends a 12-week intervention cycle with exercise at least twice a week of moderate or higher intensity as suitable for ADHD individuals. This review also encourages individuals with ADHD to engage in exercises involving multiple motor skill types.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… RoB2 methodological quality evaluation results [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“… ( a ) Closed-skill sensitivity analysis [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 43 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]; ( b ) Open-skill sensitivity analysis [ 39 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 48 ]. …”

Section: Table A1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Practicing Closed- vs. Open-Skill Exercises on Executive Functions in Individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)—A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Qiu,

Zhai,

Chen

2024

Behavioral Sciences

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“…Similarly, a 24-week Pilates intervention was found to improve sustained attention, as well as attention switching, over a 6-month period in female adults with ADHD (Kouhbanani et al, 2022). However, Fritz and O'Connor (2016) found no effect of a 20-minute moderateintensity cycling exercise on sustained attention in young men with self-reported high levels of ADHD symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Does Physical Activity Improve Sustained Attention in Adults with ADHD?

Tiernan,

McGovern

2023

Preprint

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Physical activity has been shown to improve cognitive performance in children with ADHD. However, it is unknown whether this effect translates to adults with ADHD. The current study aimed to establish whether there is a link between high physical activity and better sustained attention in adults with ADHD. 12 adults with ADHD and 24 neurotypical controls completed a gradual contrast-change detection task designed to measure sustained attention and were subsequently split into low and high physical activity subgroups based on self-reported physical activity levels. No significant differences in sustained attention were found between the low and high physical activity subgroups in individuals with or without ADHD. However, reaction time variability was found to be significantly lower in individuals with ADHD. These findings suggest that the effect of physical activity on sustained attention may not be as pronounced in adults with ADHD as compared to children.

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Mind-body exercise affects attention switching and sustained attention in female adults with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A randomized, controlled trial with 6-month follow-up

Cited by 2 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of Practicing Closed- vs. Open-Skill Exercises on Executive Functions in Individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)—A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Effects of Practicing Closed- vs. Open-Skill Exercises on Executive Functions in Individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)—A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Does Physical Activity Improve Sustained Attention in Adults with ADHD?

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