Mineralogy-induced radiological aspects with characterization of commercial granites exploited in Turkey

Angi, Osman Serkan; Yavuz, Orhan; Yalçın, Tolga; Çiftçi, Emin

doi:10.1007/s10064-016-0894-2

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The Paleotethyan and Neotethyan ocean basins outcrop between the E-W trending tectonic belts, namely, the Pontides, Anatolides, and Taurides. The E-W trending Neotethyan Subduction zones hosts, besides obducted Cretaceous ophiolites, several granitoid intrusives (Bingol et al, 1982;Angı et al, 2016;Black, 2012;Örgün et al, 2007;Şahin et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High heat generating granites of Kestanbol: future enhanced geothermal system (EGS) province in western Anatolia

Chandrasekharam¹,

Baba²

2021

Turkish J Earth Sci

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Although the western Anatolian region is a focus for hydrothermal systems, this region has several high heat-generating granitic intrusive bodies that qualify to be candidates for Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). Considering the future energy requirement, carbon dioxide emissions reduction strategies, food, and water security issues, these granites appear to be the future clean energy source for the country. One such granite intrusive is located in the Kestanbol area in the western Anatolian region. The radioactive heat generation of this 28 Ma old granite varies from 5.25 to 10.38 µW/m 3 with a heat flow of 92.47 to 128.61 mW/m 2 . These values concur with the measured geothermal gradients and heat flow values measured from exploratory bore wells. High radon content in the thermal waters in these areas indicates interaction between the circulating fluids and the Kestanbol granite. This is for the first time evaluation of the EGS potential of granite intrusive in Turkey has been made. The Kestanbol intrusive is placed under a compressive stress regime within the Anatolian-Aegean regional tectonic framework.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High heat generating granites of Kestanbol: future enhanced geothermal system (EGS) province in western Anatolia

Chandrasekharam¹,

Baba²

2021

Turkish J Earth Sci

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“…Many investigations on the radioactivity levels of granitic rocks, used or potentially used as decorative and building materials, can be found in the recent literature (Tzortzis et al, 2003;Anjos et al, 2005;Örgün et al, 2005, 2007Salas et al, 2006;Mao et al, 2006;Pavlidou et al, 2006;Xinwei et al, 2006;Kitto et al, 2009;Anjos et al, 2011;Karadeniz et al, 2011;Marocchi et al, 2011;Moura et al, 2011;Amin, 2012;Cetin et al, 2012;Papadopoulos et al, 2012Papadopoulos et al, , 2013Turhan, 2012;Iwaoka et al, 2013;Karadeniz and Akal, 2014;Angi et al, 2016;Erkul et al, 2016). Japan, Brazil, Italy, the United States, and China are the dominating countries of the granite trade worldwide.…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of natural radioactivity and assessment of radioactive dose of Western Anatolian plutons, Turkey

Papadopoulos¹,

Altunkaynak²,

Koroneos³

et al. 2016

Turkish J Earth Sci

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IntroductionAll varieties of building materials, including various naturally occurring as well as artificial materials, have varying concentrations of Ra, Th, and K and can cause direct radiation exposure to human beings. Granite, as a market term, includes a wide variety of rock types including plutonic, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks. Granite's durability and appearance make it a popular building material in dwellings. These rocks can contain various amounts of minerals with high Ra, Th, and K concentrations such as zircon, monazite, xenotime, allanite, epidote, or K-feldspars.According to the European Commission (1999), radioactive doses should comply with the ALARA ("as low as reasonably achievable") radioprotection principle. The average annual effective equivalent should be limited to 1.6 mSv. Materials such as granites, potentially containing high concentrations of natural radionuclides, should be studied in order to control the exposure levels for human beings. The limit of 1.6 mSv per year is widely accepted by many international organisations such as the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the European Commission.Natural radionuclides increase both the external (γ-rays) and internal (α-rays) radiation to human beings. 238 U, 232 Th, and 40 K are the main contributors of γ-rays, while α-rays are principally emitted by radon, a decay product of 238 U radioactive series. The Rn isotopes are responsible for roughly half of the radioactive dose exposure from natural sources. Moreover, Rn isotopes are considered as an important cause of lung cancer (UNSCEAR, 2000; WHO, 2009). Many investigations on the radioactivity levels of granitic rocks, used or potentially used as decorative and building materials, can be found in the recent literature

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Carbon dioxide emissions mitigation strategy through enhanced geothermal systems: western Anatolia, Turkey

Chandrasekharam

Baba

2022

Environ Earth Sci

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Although Turkey is not the biggest GHG polluter, its emissions have increased by 110.4% since 1990. Currently, its CO 2 emissions alone have crossed 400 Mt. Within the scope of 2 °C targets (2D scenario), the country can easily surpass this target test by increasing its renewable energy sources as a primary energy source mix, by developing its Enhanced Geothermal Sources (EGS) locked up in the radiogenic granites of western Anatolia. The radiogenic heat generated by these granites, spread over an area of 4221 sq. km, varies from 5.3 to 16.34 µW/m 3 . Based on the electricity generation capacity of granites from Soultz-sous-Forets and Cooper Basin EGS sites, the combined electricity generation capacity of Kestanbol and Kozak granite plutons is about 830 billion kWh. For the period extending from 2019 to 2023, Turkey is aiming at reducing the usage of gas for electricity generation from 29.9 to 20.7%, increasing the share of renewable energy sources from 32.5 to 38.8%, increasing the electricity production from local energy sources from 150 to 219 TWh and increasing the electricity usage per-capita from 3.7 to 4.3 MWh. These energy targets can be achieved by major contributions from hydrothermal and EGS energy sources. This review demonstrates that besides electricity and heat, EGS energy can be utilized, together with other renewable energy sources, such as hydrothermal, wind, and concentrated solar for providing fresh water through the desalination process. These energy sources would provide food, energy, and water security to the country for several decades.

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Mineralogy-induced radiological aspects with characterization of commercial granites exploited in Turkey

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

High heat generating granites of Kestanbol: future enhanced geothermal system (EGS) province in western Anatolia

High heat generating granites of Kestanbol: future enhanced geothermal system (EGS) province in western Anatolia

Distribution of natural radioactivity and assessment of radioactive dose of Western Anatolian plutons, Turkey

Carbon dioxide emissions mitigation strategy through enhanced geothermal systems: western Anatolia, Turkey

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