Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the early detection of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)

Arévalo-Rodríguez, Ingrid; Smailagic, Nadja; Roqué-Fíguls, Marta; Ciapponi, Agustín; Sanchez‐Perez, Erick; Giannakou, Antri; Pedraza, Olga Lucía; Cosp, Xavier Bonfill; Cullum, Sarah

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010783.pub3

Cited by 173 publications

(140 citation statements)

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“…At present, MCI is defined as a heterogeneous clinical syndrome which presents a significant change in cognitive function and deficits on neuropsychological testing but a relatively intact functionality (Winblad et al, 2004 ). The diagnosis of MCI depends on which cognitive and functional tests are used (Albert et al, 2011 ), these include the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE; Arevalo-Rodriguez et al, 2021 ) or the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; Nasreddine et al, 2005 ; Albert et al, 2011 ; Ciesielska et al, 2016 ). The presence or absence of MCI depends on the sensitivity and specificity of those tests and estimates of premorbid cognitive functioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review: microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Mild Cognitive Impairment Diagnosis

Ogonowski

Salcidua

León

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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The rate of progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is estimated at >10% per year, reaching up to 80–90% after 6 years. MCI is considered an indicator of early-stage AD. In this context, the diagnostic screening of MCI is crucial for detecting individuals at high risk of AD before they progress and manifest further severe symptoms. Typically, MCI has been determined using neuropsychological assessment tools such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) or Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE). Unfortunately, other diagnostic methods are not available or are unable to identify MCI in its early stages. Therefore, identifying new biomarkers for MCI diagnosis and prognosis is a significant challenge. In this framework, miRNAs in serum, plasma, and other body fluids have emerged as a promising source of biomarkers for MCI and AD-related cognitive impairments. Interestingly, miRNAs can regulate several signaling pathways via multiple and diverse targets in response to pathophysiological stimuli. This systematic review aims to describe the current state of the art regarding AD-related target genes modulated by differentially expressed miRNAs in peripheral fluids samples in MCI subjects to identify potential miRNA biomarkers in the early stages of AD. We found 30 articles that described five miRNA expression profiles from peripheral fluid in MCI subjects, showing possible candidates for miRNA biomarkers that may be followed up as fluid biomarkers or therapeutic targets of early-stage AD. However, additional research is needed to validate these miRNAs and characterize the precise neuropathological mechanisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review: microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Mild Cognitive Impairment Diagnosis

Ogonowski

Salcidua

León

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…However, it is still unclear how to intercept the preclinical phase of disease, after the onset of neuropathological depositions. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of cognitive screening tests for MCI are controversial and seem to be inconsistent (e.g., MMSE [ 44 ]). Controversial results were found regarding the association between CSF biomarkers, PET amyloid [ 45 ] and clinical outcomes [ 46 ], such as memory impairment [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Five-Word Test for Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer’s Disease

Fornari

Mori

Zoppi

et al. 2022

Neurology International

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New diagnostic methods have been developed for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with the primary purpose of intercepting the transition-phase (mild cognitive impairment, MCI) between normal aging and dementia. We aimed to explore whether the five-word test (FWT) and the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) are predictive for the early diagnosis of MCI due to AD (AD-MCI). We computed ROC analyses to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of MMSE and FWT in predicting abnormal CSF (t-Tau, p-Tau181, Aβ1–42) and amyloid-PET biomarkers. AD-MCI patients showed lower MMSE and FWT scores (all p < 0.001) than non-AD-MCI. The best predictor of amyloid plaques’ presence at amyloid-PET imaging was the encoding sub-score of the FWT (AUC = 0.84). Both FWT and MMSE had low/moderate accuracy for the detection of pathological CSF Aβ42, t-Tau and p-Tau181 values, with higher accuracy for the t-Tau/Aβ1–42 ratio. In conclusion, the FWT, as a single-domain cognitive screening test, seems to be prompt and moderately accurate tool for the identification of an underlying AD neuropathological process in patients with MCI, supporting the importance of associating biomarkers evaluation in the work-up of patients with dementing neurodegenerative disorders.

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“…The model had PIM use as the dependent variable and included age, sex, baseline Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and year of investigation (2012 or 2017) as independent variables. MMSE scores between 0–30, and a score of 23 or below is generally considered to indicate cognitive impairment [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications among old people with major neurocognitive disorder in 2012 and 2017

2022

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Background The increased risk of adverse drug reactions due to age-related altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is a challenge when prescribing medications to older people, and especially among older people with major neurocognitive disorder who are particularly sensitive to drug effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of potential inappropriate medications (PIMs) in 2012 and 2017 among old people with major neurocognitive disorder. A secondary aim was to investigate factors associated with PIM use. Methods This register-study was based on the Swedish registry for cognitive/dementia disorders and the Swedish prescribed drug register. Criteria from the National Board of Health and Welfare were used to identify PIMs between 1 July–31 December 2012 and 1 July-–31 December 2017 among people ≥ 65 years. Drug use was defined as one or more filled prescriptions during each timeframe. Results The total use of PIMs declined significantly between 2012 (28.7%) and 2017 (21.7%). All PIMs and PIM groups declined between these years, except for antipsychotic drugs, which increased from 11.6% to 12.3%. The results from the multiple regression model found that PIM use was associated with younger age (OR: 0.97 CI: 0.96–0.97), a lower Mini Mental State Examination score (OR: 0.99 CI: 0.99–1.00), the use of multi-dispensed drugs (OR: 2.05 CI: 1.93–2.18), and compared to Alzheimer’s disease, with the subtypes dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease dementia (OR: 1.57 CI: 1.40–1.75), frontotemporal dementia (OR: 1.29 CI: 1.08–1.54) and vascular dementia (OR: 1.10 CI: 1.03–1.16). Conclusions Overall, the use of PIMs decreased between the years 2012 and 2017. The increase of antipsychotic drugs and the association between PIM use and multi-dispensed drugs warrant concern.

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Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the early detection of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)

Abstract: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the early detection of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Cited by 173 publications

References 129 publications

Systematic Review: microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Mild Cognitive Impairment Diagnosis

Systematic Review: microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Mild Cognitive Impairment Diagnosis

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Five-Word Test for Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer’s Disease

Prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications among old people with major neurocognitive disorder in 2012 and 2017

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