Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing

Heckman, Carolyn J.; Chandler, Rachel; Kloss, Jacqueline D.; Benson, Amy; Rooney, Deborah; Munshi, Teja; Perlis, Clifford S.; Manne, Sharon L.; Oslin, David W.

doi:10.3791/50175-v

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Information from the questionnaire and residence calendar and geographical coordinates for residence were sent to the University of East Anglia in the United Kingdom to generate estimates of individual years of all-day (9 AM to 5 PM) or middle-of-the-day (11 AM and 3 PM) exposure for different wavelengths of light (ultraviolet A, ultraviolet B [UVB], and blue light). For all residences of 1 year or more, ambient UVB (minimal erythema dose 21 ) and ultraviolet A (J/cm 2 ) were estimated from published sources that take into account time of day, month, and latitudinal variations. 22 We used published coefficients to adjust ambient clear-sky UV for cloud cover 23 and terrain.…”

Section: Measurement Of Uv Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Myopia, Ultraviolet B Radiation Exposure, Serum Vitamin D Concentrations, and Genetic Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Metabolic Pathways in a Multicountry European Study

et al. 2017

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IMPORTANCE Myopia is becoming increasingly common globally and is associated with potentially sight-threatening complications. Spending time outdoors is protective, but the mechanism underlying this association is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of myopia with ultraviolet B radiation (UVB; directly associated with time outdoors and sunlight exposure), serum vitamin D concentrations, and vitamin D pathway genetic variants, adjusting for years in education. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA cross-sectional, population-based random sample of participants 65 years and older was chosen from 6 study centers from the European Eye Study between November 6, 2000, to November 15, 2002. Of 4187 participants, 4166 attended an eye examination including refraction, gave a blood sample, and were interviewed by trained fieldworkers using a structured questionnaire. Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent of −0.75 diopters or less. Exclusion criteria included aphakia, pseudophakia, late age-related macular degeneration, and vision impairment due to cataract, resulting in 371 participants with myopia and 2797 without.EXPOSURES Exposure to UVB estimated by combining meteorological and questionnaire data at different ages, single-nucleotide polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolic pathway genes, serum vitamin D 3 concentrations, and years of education.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Odds ratios (ORs) of UVB, serum vitamin D 3 concentrations, vitamin D single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and myopia estimated from logistic regression.RESULT Of the included 3168 participants, the mean (SD) age was 72.4 (5) years, and 1456 (46.0%) were male. An SD increase in UVB exposure at age 14 to 19 years (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.92) and 20 to 39 years (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.62-0.93) was associated with a reduced adjusted OR of myopia; those in the highest tertile of years of education had twice the OR of myopia (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.41-3.06). No independent associations between myopia and serum vitamin D 3 concentrations nor variants in genes associated with vitamin D metabolism were found. An unexpected finding was that the highest quintile of plasma lutein concentrations was associated with a reduced OR of myopia (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.46-0.72). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIncreased UVB exposure was associated with reduced myopia, particularly in adolescence and young adulthood. The association was not altered by adjusting for education. We found no convincing evidence for a direct role of vitamin D in myopia risk. The relationship between high plasma lutein concentrations and a lower risk of myopia requires replication.

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Section: Measurement Of Uv Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Myopia, Ultraviolet B Radiation Exposure, Serum Vitamin D Concentrations, and Genetic Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Metabolic Pathways in a Multicountry European Study

et al. 2017

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“…MED is the amount of UV radiation that produces minimal erythema (sunburn or redness) on an individual's skin. It depends on skin sensitivity 25 . However, for determining the MED, each participant's forearm (5–10 cm from the wrist) was exposed to UV radiation on day 9 using a multiport UV photonic simulator (XUV‐3006, DTX, Korea).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It depends on skin sensitivity. 25 However, for determining the MED, each participant's forearm (5-10 cm from the wrist) was exposed to UV radiation on day 9 using a multiport UV photonic simulator (XUV-3006, DTX, Korea).…”

Section: Study Design For the Clinical Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical effect of Pediococcus acidilactici PMC48 on hyperpigmented skin

Park

Seo

Kim

et al. 2023

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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BackgroundThe excessive production and accumulation of melanin in the epidermal skin layer can result in skin hyperpigmentation and darkening. Current technologies for regulating melanin are based on inhibiting melanin biosynthesis. They have low effectiveness and safety issues.AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the potential role of Pediococcus acidilactici PMC48 as a probiotic strain in medicines and cosmetics for skin treatment.Materials and MethodsMeanwhile, our research team has reported that P. acidilactici PMC48 strain isolated from sesame leaf kimchi can directly decompose the already synthesized melanin. It can also inhibit melanin biosynthesis. In the present study, we investigated the skin‐whitening effect of this strain by arranging an 8‐week clinical trial with 22 participants. PMC48 was applied to each participant's artificially UV‐induced tanned skin in the clinical trial. Its whitening effect was investigated based on visual evaluation, skin brightness, and melanin index.ResultsPMC48 showed a significant effect on the artificially induced pigmented skin. The color intensity of the tanned skin was decreased by 47.647%, and skin brightness was increased by 8.098% after the treatment period. PMC48 also significantly decreased the melanin index by 11.818%, indicating its tyrosinase inhibition capacity. Also, PMC48 improved skin moisture content level by 20.943%. Additionally, 16S rRNA‐based amplicon sequencing analysis showed a distinct increase in Lactobacillaceae in the skin by up to 11.2% at the family level without affecting other skin microbiota. Furthermore, it showed no toxicity in in vitro or in vivo analyses.DiscussionThese results indicate that P. acidilactici PMC48 is a promising probiotic strain that can be used to develop medicines and cosmetic products to solve skin‐related problems.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that P. acidilactici PMC48 can be a potential probiotic for the cosmetic industry against different skin disorders.

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“…The preferred measurement is the minimal erythemal dose (MED). It refers to the smallest amount of UV radiation exposure required to produce a sharp-edge erythema after a specific unit of time [11].…”

Section: Physical and Biological Properties Of Uv Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet Filters for Cosmetic Applications

et al. 2023

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Sunscreens reduce the occurrence risk of skin disorders such as sunburn, skin aging, and cancer through their ability to absorb, reflect, and scatter ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This review provides an overview of UV filters as active ingredients of sunscreen products, emphasizing their classification and structural characteristics. Their photostability, mechanism of action of ultraviolet radiation absorption, optical properties, and regulatory status are discussed based on their chemical structure. The main classes of organic UV filters presented include aminobenzoic acid derivatives, salicylic acid derivatives, cinnamic acid derivatives, benzophenones, dibenzoylmethane derivatives, benzylidene camphor derivatives, triazines, benzimidazole derivatives, and benzotriazole derivatives. The pursuit of new UV filters through research is crucial in advancing sunscreen technology and ensuring the availability of effective and safe options for sun protection.

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Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Association Between Myopia, Ultraviolet B Radiation Exposure, Serum Vitamin D Concentrations, and Genetic Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Metabolic Pathways in a Multicountry European Study

Association Between Myopia, Ultraviolet B Radiation Exposure, Serum Vitamin D Concentrations, and Genetic Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Metabolic Pathways in a Multicountry European Study

Clinical effect of Pediococcus acidilactici PMC48 on hyperpigmented skin

Ultraviolet Filters for Cosmetic Applications

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