“…In line with ELN, NCCN, and American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines, most centers use a combination of methods—including bone marrow morphology, cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), immunophenotyping, and molecular studies—to optimize AML diagnostics and MRD technique sensitivity, specificity, and applicability [ 10 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Among these techniques, the most commonly used MRD detection tool is immunophenotyping with multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) [ 1 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. ELN guidelines provide guidance regarding flow cytometry settings, the recommended panel of cell population identifiers, and gating strategy [ 22 ].…”