“…Furthermore, rapid PTH assay is not available in all hospitals, and when used, is associated with increased operative time and cost [7, 8]. In addition, some published results from centers that do not use IOPTH demonstrate success rates similar to the institutions that routinely use it [9–11]. For instance, it has been previously shown that in patients with two concordant preoperative localization studies, IOPTH adds marginal benefit, or in some studies, results comparable to cases without IOPTH [4, 12, 13].…”