Minimally Invasive Techniques for Spinal Cord and Nerve Root Decompression

Higginbotham, Michael J.; Lanz, Otto I.; Carozzo, Claude

doi:10.1002/9781118940372.ch39

Cited by 1 publication

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…And, EMG and somatosensory evoked potentials examinations are used to evaluate quantitative functional recovery, especially in spinal cord injuries. Changes in the peripheral nerve in chronic spinal cord injuries are evaluated by motor nerve conduction studies [12]. At the same time, EMG provides an opportunity to evaluate muscle activation patterns during recovery [4,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Minimally invasive spinal surgery contributes to rapid recovery by reducing iatrogenic muscle damage and postoperative pain [12,19,28,30,34]. However, in minimally invasive spinal surgery, complications such as inadequate decompression and neurological injury may be encountered if adequate and appropriate exploration of the spinal region is not provided [12,19]. In minimally invasive spinal surgery, a new hybrid imaging technique, the exoscope, has been developed in the last decade [10,16,20,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EMG provides important data for neurosurgeons by providing information on localization of undiagnosed upper motor neuron (UMN) or lower motor neuron (LMN) lesions [27]. In severe spinal cord injury causing motor and sensory loss, EMG is used in addition to neurological reflexes for functional evaluation [4,12]. The use of nerve conduction velocity studies and needle EMG is important for determining preclinical re-innervation in partial or total denervated muscles [2,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In severe spinal cord injury causing motor and sensory loss, EMG is used in addition to neurological reflexes for functional evaluation [4,12]. The use of nerve conduction velocity studies and needle EMG is important for determining preclinical re-innervation in partial or total denervated muscles [2,12]. The prognosis of spinal damage varies due to trauma and underlying acute or chronic neurological disorder [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surgical treatment of spinal cord pathologies is of great importance for prognosis. Therefore, EMG examination, which is more sensitive than clinical and neurological examinations, is gaining importance to determine neurological and functional return [3,12,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electromyographic Evaluation of Early Stage Results of Exoscopic Microdecompressive Spinal Surgery in Dogs

Salcı

Acar

Taşkapılıoğlu

2020

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Spinal surgical interventions are generally used in the treatment of various spinal pathologies such as vertebral fracture, luxation-subluxation, congenital vertebral deformities, discal hernia, infection and tumor. Minimally invasive spinal surgery contributes to rapid recovery by reducing iatrogenic muscle damage and postoperative pain. In minimally invasive spinal surgery, a new hybrid imaging technique, the exoscope, has been developed in the last decade The purpose of this study was to report efficacy of the exoscopic microdecompressive spinal surgery (MDSS) and its early postoperative electromyography (EMG) results in dogs.Materials, Methods & Results:The material of this study consisted of the owned 10 dogs with spinal cord injury resulted from the different etiologies. On the basis of examinations, medical support (fluid therapy, corticosteroid, etc.) was applied to the required dogs. Exoscopic MDSS was performed under general anesthesia in dogs. The neurologic, radiologic and EMG examination were completed at pre- and postoperative periods. EMG results at postoperative 1st week showed increased conduction velocity and amplitudes in 3 cases. There was no significant change in a case. And, there was a slight slowdown in conduction velocity and significant decrease in amplitudes in a case. At postoperative 4th week, ther was increased conduction velocity and amplitudes in 8 cases and needle EMG showed that spontan muscle activity was normal in 5 cases, mild in 2 cases, moderate a case and severe in a case. But spontan muscle activity was unfollowed in a case. Postoperative outcomes were poor in 3 cases, fair in 3 cases, good in 3 cases and unfollowed in a case. Discussion: Spinal cord injuries encountered in veterinary medicine have significant morbidity and mortality. In spinal patients, in addition to neurological examination, lesion localization can be determined using imaging techniques such as radiology, computed tomography, and MRI. EMG and somatosensory evoked potentials examinations are used to evaluate quantitative functional recovery, especially in spinal cord injuries. EMG also provides an opportunity to evaluate muscle activation patterns during recovery. Exoscopic spinal surgery is the newest hybrid imaging technique. Exoscopic MDSS facilitated manipulation by providing adequate illumination and vision at the exploration site. Exoscopic MDSS has the advantages of microscopic surgery and is a new technique that can be applied in dogs with spinal pathology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%