Minor element distribution in iron disulfides in coal: A geochemical review

Kolker, Allan

doi:10.1016/j.coal.2011.10.011

Cited by 133 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…It can also organically bounded to organic matter (HgOM) (Rumayor et al 2015), or even as HgS and metallic mercury (Hg 0 ) (Finkelman 1994;Yudovich and Ketris 2005). It is clear that mercury is mostly associated with pyrite, especially late-stage (epigenetic) pyrite deposited from hydrothermal basinal fluids (Hower et al 2007;Diehl et al 2012;Kolker 2012). Besides, Mercury derived from the igneous intrusion distributed in both the organic matter and the minerals (Dai et al 2012c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The confident level of mercury occurrence in coal was estimated 6 out of 10 (Finkelman 1994). It is generally considered that mercury can be presented in coal as sulfide and selenides, in forms associated with pyrite and marcasite (Ward et al 1999;Hower et al 2008;Kolker 2012), calcite and chlorite (Zhang et al 2002), selenio-galena (Dai et al 2006b(Dai et al , 2015, clausthalite (Hower and Robertson 2003), kleinite and cinnabar (Brownfield et al 2005), sphalerite (HgFeS 2 ) and getchellite (Dai et al 2006a). It can also organically bounded to organic matter (HgOM) (Rumayor et al 2015), or even as HgS and metallic mercury (Hg 0 ) (Finkelman 1994;Yudovich and Ketris 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The distribution and occurrence of mercury in Chinese coals

Bai

Wang

et al. 2017

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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Mercury is one of the most concerned hazardous elements in coals. 1018 coal samples of different coal-forming periods, coal-accumulating areas and coal ranks all over the country were collected to study the distributions of mercury in Chinese coals. The modes of occurrence of mercury were studied with float-sink experiments of 10 coals from different basins in China and correlation analyses were conducted between concentrations of mercury and maceral and sulfur contents, as well as the ash yield. The theoretic concentrations and affinities of mercury in vitrinite, inertinite, clay and pyrite were then calculated following the methods proposed by Solari. The weighted average concentration of mercury in Chinese coals is 0.154 lg/g, which is similar to that in the word coals in general. The mercury concentrations vary largely in the coals of different coal-forming period and coal-accumulating areas as geological settings play key roles in determining the geochemistry of mercury. The concentrations of mercury in coals from south and southwest China and those from North China of C 3 -P 1 are relatively higher while those from North China of J 1-2 and Northeast of J 3 -K 1 relatively lower. The general distribution trends of mercury are very similar to that of ash yield, sulfur contents in coals. Pyrite is the dominant carrier of mercury in most coals, especially in some high-sulfur coals with abundant epigenetic pyrite formed during diagenesis and metamorphism. Mercury has higher affinity to vitrinite than to inertinite in most coals, which accords with the geological origin of macerals and geochemistry of mercury.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution and occurrence of mercury in Chinese coals

Bai

Wang

et al. 2017

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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“…The exploitation and use of coals is accompanied by the formation of abundant coal gangue and burnt waste, which are usually piled near or on the banks of subsidence lakes in mining areas. However, these wastes may damage the surrounding environment [2]. Six of the trace elements found in coals (Hg, As, Se, Pb, Cr, Cd) are considered to be the most noteworthy environmentally sensitive elements [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments in Chinese Collapsed Lakes

Liu

Zhou

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Surficial sediments and water (27 samples each) were collected from three representative lakes collapsed by mining activities in Huaibei, China. Contents of heavy metals (Sb, As, Cd, Pb, Zn) in both water and sediments were detected via atomic absorption spectrophotometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry, respectively. The variation coefficient (C.V.) of each heavy metal as well as the partition coefficient (Kd) between surficial sediments and water was calculated. The ecological risks of heavy metals in collapsed lakes were assessed via geoaccumulation index (I geo ), and we estimated the Pearson correlation coefficients between heavy metals. Together with the real situations around collapsed lakes, we resolved the sources of heavy metals. We found that the contents of heavy metals in water were basically below Surface Water Quality Standard I. The contents of heavy metals in the majority of sediment samples exceeded the background levels in the Yangtze River and Huai River areas, but were below the threshold effect concentration. The spatial distributions of heavy metals in surficial sediments were not uniform, as the C.V.s indicate medium variations. Analysis of Partition coefficient showed that Lieshan collapsed lake (LSH) was under severe risk. An analysis of I geo revealed gentle-medium ecological risks from Sb, As, and Cd. The classification and frequency distributions of I geo of five heavy metals indicate that the ecological risk of Cd was the largest. The ecological risk was lowest in Yangzhuang collapsed lake (YZH). These results were confirmed by analysis of C.V. and Kd. Analysis of heavy metal sources showed that the inputs of Sb and As into the three collapsed lakes were human-driven and very complex, probably due to point-source pollution, including leaching from gangue piles and industrial discharge. Cd mainly originated from non-point-source agricultural pollution, while Pb and Zn might mainly originate from natural sources.

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“…The petrography of the latter is multistage and the mineralisation has been linked by Spears and Caswell [7] (Table 6) not only to fluid evolution in the basin during diagenesis, but also to elements released from the coal itself during coalification. More recently Kolker [39] has reviewed minor element distribution in iron disulphides in coals and has stressed the complex reactions involved in the formation of pyrite and marcasite within the coal and the different times of formation. The complex nature of the reactions involving the formation of reduced sulphur species and precipitation of Fe monosulphides in early diagenesis has been noted by Chou [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Seawater on the Trace Element Geochemistry of Some UK Coals and a Tribute to Goldschmidt

Spears

2017

Minerals

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Abstract:The Pennsylvanian coals in the UK were deposited in a low-lying delta plain which was periodically inundated by the sea. This resulted in high S contents, mainly due to early diagenetic pyrite. Based on a statistical analysis of the geochemical data, pyrite is the major host for As, Se, Hg, Tl and Pb and an important host for Mo, Cd, Ni, Sb and Cu. All of these elements are enriched in the coals compared with non-marine mudrocks in the sequence, as is Ge and Be, although theirs is an organic association. The pattern of enrichment in the coals is similar to that in marine shales and coals overlain by marine shales, demonstrating the seawater influence. Goldschmidt was a pioneer in the geochemical study of coals and this paper will demonstrate that many of his ideas have stood the test of time.

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Minor element distribution in iron disulfides in coal: A geochemical review

Cited by 133 publications

References 81 publications

The distribution and occurrence of mercury in Chinese coals

The distribution and occurrence of mercury in Chinese coals

Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments in Chinese Collapsed Lakes

The Role of Seawater on the Trace Element Geochemistry of Some UK Coals and a Tribute to Goldschmidt

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