miR-142: A Master Regulator in Hematological Malignancies and Therapeutic Opportunities

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA whose dysregulation is frequently associated with the onset and progression of human cancers. miR-142, an ultra-conserved miRNA with both active -3p and -5p mature strands and wide-ranging physiological targets, has been the subject of countless studies over the years. Due to its preferential expression in hematopoietic cells, miR-142 has been found to be associated with numerous types of lymphomas and leukemias. This review elucidates the multifaceted role of miR-142 in human physiology, its influence on hematopoiesis and hematopoietic cells, and its intriguing involvement in exosome-mediated miR-142 transport. Moreover, we offer a comprehensive exploration of the genetic and molecular landscape of the miR-142 genomic locus, highlighting its mutations and dysregulation within hematological malignancies. Finally, we discuss potential avenues for harnessing the therapeutic potential of miR-142 in the context of hematological malignancies.

Non-Coding RNA-Targeted Therapy: A State-of-the-Art Review

“…The two major classes of ncRNA are short microRNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs). The deregulation of both types of transcript has been linked to every type of cancer that has been studied so far and affects all the major hallmarks of cancer [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Furthermore, they have been associated with intricate biological processes, including the development and function of immune cells, cardiovascular disease, immune disorders, neural development, and neurological diseases [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

MicroRNA-Targeted Therapy

“…The number of functional microRNAs in humans ranges from 556 to 758, depending on the source (mir-GeneDB 2.0). [8][9][10] However, the proportion of functionally relevant microRNAs is further reduced by the fact that most microRNAs have effects only at high expression levels in tissues. Approximately 150 microRNAs have been tentatively implicated in the cardiovascular system.…”