miRNA Clusters with Up-Regulated Expression in Colorectal Cancer

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in Europe and North America. Early diagnosis is a key feature of efficient CRC treatment. As miRNAs can be used as CRC biomarkers, the aim of the present study was to analyse experimentally validated data on frequently up-regulated miRNA clusters in CRC tissue and investigate their members with respect to clinicopathological characteristics of patients. Based on available data, 15 up-regulated clusters, miR-106a/363, miR-106b/93/25, miR-17/92a-1, miR-181a-1/181b-1, miR-181a-2/181b-2, miR-181c/181d, miR-183/96/182, miR-191/425, miR-200c/141, miR-203a/203b, miR-222/221, mir-23a/27a/24-2, mir-29b-1/29a, mir-301b/130b and mir-452/224, were selected. The positions of such clusters in the genome can be intronic or intergenic. Most clusters are regulated by several transcription factors, and miRNAs are also sponged by specific long non-coding RNAs. In some cases, co-expression of miRNA with other cluster members or host gene has been proven. miRNA expression patterns in cancer tissue, blood and faeces were compared. Based on experimental evidence, 181 target genes of selected clusters were identified. Panther analysis was used to reveal the functions of the target genes and their corresponding pathways. Clusters miR-17/92a-1, miR-106a/363, miR-106b/93/25 and miR-183/96/182 showed the strongest association with metastasis occurrence and poor patient survival, implicating them as the most promising targets of translational research.

Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals Common and Specific Relationships between Intragenic miRNAs and Their Host Genes

“…For example, the miR-106b-93-25 cluster was co-transcribed with MCM7 across all cancer types (r meta > 0.5, FDR < 0.01). The miR-106b-93-25 cluster, located in the intronic region of MCM7, is composed of highly conserved miR-106b, miR-93 and miR-25, which are upregulated in multiple cancer types [ 47 , 48 ]. It plays an important role in tumorigenesis, especially as an omco-miR in breast cancer [ 49 ].…”

Noncoding RNAs in the Glycolysis of Ovarian Cancer

“…The miRNAs are a group of 18–24 nucleotide noncoding RNAs that bind to the 3-terminal noncoding region of the target mRNA, altering gene expression ( Sakshi et al, 2021 ; Yang et al, 2021 ) ( Figure 3 ). The aberrant expression of miRNA in tumor cells revealed that miRNAs play an essential role in tumor development by regulating the expression and function of their associated target genes and participating in a variety of physiological and pathological processes ( Barrera-Rojas et al, 2021 ; Pidikova and Herichova 2021 ; Roy et al, 2021 ). Abundant miRNAs have been proved to regulate tumor metabolism and function as an essential role in the process of glycolysis in OC ( Table 1 ).…”

Glycation-Associated Diabetic Nephropathy and the Role of Long Noncoding RNAs

“…In a different context, lncRNA AGER-1 induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and migration efficiency of tumor cells in several types of cancer [ 105 ]. Yet another study indicated the sponging effect of lncRNA AGER-1 for miR-182, an inhibitor of AGER1 [ 106 ]. Recently, a study showed that both AGER and its positive regulator lncRNA AGER-1 have the significant diagnostic potential for lung adenocarcinoma.…”